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Date Event 1988: ITER project officially initiated. [103] Conceptual design activities ran from 1988 to 1990. [104] 1992: Engineering design activities from 1992 [105] to 1998. [106] 2006: Approval of a cost estimate of €10 billion (US$12.8 billion) projecting the start of construction in 2008 and completion a decade later. [37] 2007: Site ...
The report revised their budget estimate to $2.25 billion, not including related R&D which pushed it to $3.3 billion total, and pushed back the completion date to 2006 with the first lines coming online in 2004. [91] [92] A follow-up report the next year pushed the budget to $4.2 billion, and the completion date to 2008.
[8] [9] However, the ITER experience suggests that development of a multi-billion US dollar tokamak-based technology innovation cycle able to develop fusion power stations that can compete with non-fusion energy technologies is likely to encounter the "valley of death" problem in venture capital, i.e., insufficient investment to go beyond ...
The United States drops its own ITER-scale tokamak project, FIRE, recognising an inability to match EU progress. [37] 2005. In August, the first proton-boron fusion via inertial confinement is reported. [38] Following final negotiations between the EU and Japan, ITER chooses Cadarache over Rokkasho for the site of the reactor. In concession ...
To deliver power to the fusion plasma in ITER, two heating neutral beam injectors will be installed. They are designed to provide the power of 17 MW each, through the 23 m beamlines, up to the four-meter diameter container: in order to deposit sufficient heating power in the plasma core instead of the plasma edges, the beam particle energy shall be about 1 MeV, thus increasing the neutral beam ...
[4] The scientists are concerned that JET's end date was set assuming that ITER would be up and running by that date to continue fusion experiments, but with ITER's startup being postponed [44] and ITER's deuterium-tritium (D-T) reactions only scheduled for 2039, that there will be a gap of many years with no fusion research. [4] [44]
The organisation is officially named European Joint Undertaking for ITER and the Development of Fusion Energy and was created under article 45 of the Treaty establishing the European Atomic Energy Community by the decision of the Council of the European Union on 27 March 2007 for a period of 35 years. [1] F4E counts 450 members of staff.
The only machine currently under construction that is predicted to break this record is the ITER tokamak in France. ITER is not expected to be fully operational until 2032, meaning that Alcator C-Mod's record will hold for 15 years unless another new device is constructed before then. [1]