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A target price is a price at which an analyst believes a stock to be fairly valued relative to its projected and historical earnings. [1] In the view of fundamental analysis, stock valuation based on fundamentals aims to give an estimate of the intrinsic value of a stock, based on predictions of the future cash flows and profitability of the ...
Price / Sales: Share price / sales per share: Easy to calculate; Can be applied to loss making firms; Less susceptible to accounting differences than other measures; Mismatch between nominator and denominator in formula (EV/Sales is a more appropriate measure) Not used except in very broad, quick approximations
PVGO = share price − earnings per share ÷ cost of capital. This formula arises by thinking of the value of a company as inhering two components: (i) the present value of existing earnings, i.e. the company continuing as if under a "no-growth policy"; and (ii) the present value of the company's growth opportunities.
A related approach, known as a discounted cash flow analysis, can be used to calculate the intrinsic value of a stock including both expected future dividends and the expected sale price at the end of the holding period. If the intrinsic value exceeds the stock’s current market price, the stock is an attractive investment. [6]
The clean surplus accounting method provides elements of a forecasting model that yields price as a function of earnings, expected returns, and change in book value. [1] [2] [3] The theory's primary use is to estimate the value of a company's shares (instead of discounted dividend/cash flow approaches).
However, sales do not reveal the whole picture, as the company may be unprofitable with a low P/S ratio. Because of the limitations, this ratio is usually used only for unprofitable companies, since they don't have a price–earnings ratio (P/E ratio). [2] The metric can be used to determine the value of a stock relative to its past performance.
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Market cap is given by the formula =, where MC is the market capitalization, N is the number of common shares outstanding, and P is the market price per common share. [ 8 ] For example, if a company has 4 million common shares outstanding and the closing price per share is $20, its market capitalization is then $80 million.