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Mann–Whitney test (also called the Mann–Whitney–Wilcoxon (MWW/MWU), Wilcoxon rank-sum test, or Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney test) is a nonparametric statistical test of the null hypothesis that, for randomly selected values X and Y from two populations, the probability of X being greater than Y is equal to the probability of Y being greater than X.
The Wilcoxon signed-rank test is a non-parametric rank test for statistical hypothesis testing used either to test the location of a population based on a sample of data, or to compare the locations of two populations using two matched samples. [1] The one-sample version serves a purpose similar to that of the one-sample Student's t -test. [2]
The Kruskal–Wallis test' by ranks, Kruskal–Wallis test (named after William Kruskal and W. Allen Wallis), or one-way ANOVA on ranks is a non-parametric statistical test for testing whether samples originate from the same distribution. [ 1 ][ 2 ][ 3 ] It is used for comparing two or more independent samples of equal or different sample sizes.
Over his career Wilcoxon published over 70 papers. [3] His most well-known paper [4] contained the two new statistical tests that still bear his name, the Wilcoxon rank-sum test and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. These are non-parametric alternatives to the unpaired and paired Student's t-tests respectively. He died on November 18, 1965.
Siegel–Tukey test. Siegel–Tukey test, named after Sidney Siegel and John Tukey, is a non-parametric test which may be applied to data measured at least on an ordinal scale. It tests for differences in scale between two groups. The test is used to determine if one of two groups of data tends to have more widely dispersed values than the other.
The sign test is a statistical test for consistent differences between pairs of observations, such as the weight of subjects before and after treatment. Given pairs of observations (such as weight pre- and post-treatment) for each subject, the sign test determines if one member of the pair (such as pre-treatment) tends to be greater than (or less than) the other member of the pair (such as ...
A rank correlation coefficient measures the degree of similarity between two rankings, and can be used to assess the significance of the relation between them. For example, two common nonparametric methods of significance that use rank correlation are the Mann–Whitney U test and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test.
Student's t-test is a statistical test used to test whether the difference between the response of two groups is statistically significant or not. It is any statistical hypothesis test in which the test statistic follows a Student's t -distribution under the null hypothesis. It is most commonly applied when the test statistic would follow a ...