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  2. Associative array - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Associative_array

    find the value (if any) that is bound to a given key. The argument to this operation is the key, and the value is returned from the operation. If no value is found, some lookup functions raise an exception, while others return a default value (such as zero, null, or a specific value passed to the constructor).

  3. Dictionary coder - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dictionary_coder

    A dictionary coder, also sometimes known as a substitution coder, is a class of lossless data compression algorithms which operate by searching for matches between the text to be compressed and a set of strings contained in a data structure (called the 'dictionary') maintained by the encoder. When the encoder finds such a match, it substitutes ...

  4. Inverted index - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inverted_index

    In computer science, an inverted index (also referred to as a postings list, postings file, or inverted file) is a database index storing a mapping from content, such as words or numbers, to its locations in a table, or in a document or a set of documents (named in contrast to a forward index, which maps from documents to content). [1]

  5. Lightning Memory-Mapped Database - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lightning_Memory-Mapped...

    As LMDB is memory-mapped, it can return direct pointers to memory addresses of keys and values through its API, thereby avoiding unnecessary and expensive copying of memory. This results in greatly-increased performance (especially when the values stored are extremely large), and expands the potential use cases for LMDB.

  6. Python (programming language) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Python_(programming_language)

    (Compare "@-quoting" in C#.) Python has array index and array slicing expressions in lists, denoted as a[key], a [start: stop] or a [start: stop: step]. Indexes are zero-based, and negative indexes are relative to the end. Slices take elements from the start index up to, but not including, the stop index.

  7. Entity–attribute–value model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entity–attribute–value...

    An entity–attribute–value model (EAV) is a data model optimized for the space-efficient storage of sparse—or ad-hoc—property or data values, intended for situations where runtime usage patterns are arbitrary, subject to user variation, or otherwise unforeseeable using a fixed design. The use-case targets applications which offer a large ...

  8. Word2vec - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Word2vec

    The use of different model parameters and different corpus sizes can greatly affect the quality of a word2vec model. Accuracy can be improved in a number of ways, including the choice of model architecture (CBOW or Skip-Gram), increasing the training data set, increasing the number of vector dimensions, and increasing the window size of words ...

  9. Disjoint-set data structure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disjoint-set_data_structure

    In 1979, he showed that this was the lower bound for a certain class of algorithms, that include the Galler-Fischer structure. [5] In 1989, Fredman and Saks showed that Ω ( α ( n ) ) {\displaystyle \Omega (\alpha (n))} (amortized) words of O ( log ⁡ n ) {\displaystyle O(\log n)} bits must be accessed by any disjoint-set data structure per ...