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Examples include The Cambridge Grammar of the English Language and Bas Aarts' Oxford Modern English Grammar. [9]: 104 [10]: 237–239 This is shown in the tree diagram below for the clause I can swim. The clause has a subject noun phrase I and a head verb phrase (VP), headed by the auxiliary verb can.
In the second example, the non-restrictive relative clause who have never known your family describes you in the independent clause, You see them standing around you. A noun clause is a dependent clause that functions like a noun. A noun clause may function as the subject of a clause, a predicate nominative, an object or an appositive.
For example, clauses can be questions, [2]: 161 but questions are not propositions. [3] A syntactic description of an English clause is that it is a subject and a verb. [4] But this too fails, as a clause need not have a subject, as with the imperative, [2]: 170 and, in many theories, an English clause may be verbless.
A clause typically contains a subject (a noun phrase) and a predicate (a verb phrase in the terminology used above; that is, a verb together with its objects and complements). A dependent clause also normally contains a subordinating conjunction (or in the case of relative clauses, a relative pronoun, or phrase containing one).
In English, pseudo-clefts consist of an interrogative clause in the subject position, followed by a form of the verb be, followed by the focused element that appears at the end of the sentence. [3] The prototypical pseudo-cleft construction uses what , while other wh-words like who , where etc. and their pro-form equivalents like thing , one ...
An example is land in the phrase land mines given above. Examples of the above types of modifiers, in English, are given below. It was [a nice house]. (adjective modifying a noun, in a noun phrase) [The swiftly flowing waters] carried it away. (adjectival phrase, in this case a participial phrase, modifying a noun in a noun phrase)
For example, in the person who arrived, who functions as the subject of the relative clause. Different words have different functions depending on their lexical category and form. For example, while a plain [ d ] pronoun like who may typically function as a subject or object, its genitive form functions only as a determiner (e.g., the person ...
A noun such as Fred or a noun phrase such as the book cannot qualify as subject and direct object, respectively, unless they appear in an environment, e.g. a clause, where they are related to each other and/or to an action or state. In this regard, the main verb in a clause is responsible for assigning grammatical relations to the clause ...