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The Taft equation is a linear free energy relationship (LFER) used in physical organic chemistry in the study of reaction mechanisms and in the development of quantitative structure–activity relationships for organic compounds. It was developed by Robert W. Taft in 1952 [2] [3] [4] as a modification to the Hammett equation. [5]
It is named after Warren K. Lewis (1882–1975), [6] [7] who was the first head of the Chemical Engineering Department at MIT. Some workers in the field of combustion assume (incorrectly) that the Lewis number was named for Bernard Lewis (1899–1993), who for many years was a major figure in the field of combustion research. [citation needed]
The lone pair of electrons in such complexes is available for bonding, however, and therefore the complex itself can act as a Lewis base or ligand. This seen in the ferrocene-related product of the following reaction: SnCl 2 + Fe(η 5-C 5 H 5)(CO) 2 HgCl → Fe(η 5-C 5 H 5)(CO) 2 SnCl 3 + Hg
The electronic structure and chemistry of the lone pair determines most of the properties of the material. [14] Non-stoichiometry has been observed in SnO. [15] The electronic band gap has been measured between 2.5eV and 3eV. [16]
A simple Lewis model also does not account for the phenomenon of aromaticity. For instance, Lewis structures do not offer an explanation for why cyclic C 6 H 6 (benzene) experiences special stabilization beyond normal delocalization effects, while C 4 H 4 (cyclobutadiene) actually experiences a special destabilization.
To obtain tin(II) acetate, tin(II) oxide is dissolved in glacial acetic acid and refluxed to obtain yellow Sn(CH 3 COO) 2 ·2CH 3 COOH when cooled. The acetic acid can be removed by heating under reduced pressure, and the white Sn(CH 3 COO) 2 crystals can be obtained by sublimation.
Tin(II) sulfate (Sn S O 4) is a chemical compound. It is a white solid that can absorb enough moisture from the air to become fully dissolved, forming an aqueous solution; this property is known as deliquescence. It can be prepared by a displacement reaction between metallic tin and copper(II) sulfate: [3] Sn (s) + CuSO 4 (aq) → Cu (s) + SnSO ...
In chemistry a donor number (DN) is a quantitative measure of Lewis basicity.A donor number is defined as the negative enthalpy value for the 1:1 adduct formation between a Lewis base and the standard Lewis acid SbCl 5 (antimony pentachloride), in dilute solution in the noncoordinating solvent 1,2-dichloroethane with a zero DN.