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  2. Insulin-like growth factor 1 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insulin-like_growth_factor_1

    On the other hand, a high IGF-1 bioavailability in people with diabetes may delay or prevent diabetes-associated complications, as it improves impaired small blood vessel function. [67] IGF-1 has been characterized as an insulin sensitizer. [68] Low serum IGF‐1 levels can be considered an indicator of liver fibrosis in type 2 diabetes ...

  3. Insulin-like growth factor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insulin-like_growth_factor

    There is currently significant data suggesting that IGFBPs play important roles in addition to their ability to regulate IGFs. IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 are GH dependent, whereas IGFBP-1 is insulin regulated. IGFBP-1 production from the liver is significantly elevated during insulinopenia while serum levels of bioactive IGF-1 is increased by insulin. [10]

  4. Type 1 diabetes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_1_diabetes

    Type 1 and 2 diabetes was estimated to cause $10.5 billion in annual medical costs ($875 per month per diabetic) and an additional $4.4 billion in indirect costs ($366 per month per person with diabetes) in the U.S. [138] In the United States $245 billion every year is attributed to diabetes. Individuals diagnosed with diabetes have 2.3 times ...

  5. Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latent_autoimmune_diabetes...

    A fasting blood sugar level of ≥ 7.0 mmol / L (126 mg/dL) is used in the general diagnosis of diabetes. [17] There are no clear guidelines for the diagnosis of LADA, but the criteria often used are that the patient should develop the disease in adulthood, not need insulin treatment for the first 6 months after diagnosis and have autoantibodies in the blood.

  6. Insulin signal transduction pathway - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insulin_signal...

    The functioning of a signal transduction pathway is based on extra-cellular signaling that in turn creates a response that causes other subsequent responses, hence creating a chain reaction, or cascade. During the course of signaling, the cell uses each response for accomplishing some kind of a purpose along the way.

  7. Biomarkers of diabetes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomarkers_of_diabetes

    [1] Type 2 diabetes is a progressive condition in which the body becomes resistant to the normal effects of insulin and/or gradually loses the capacity to produce enough insulin in the pancreas. [2] Pre-diabetes means that the blood sugar level is higher than normal but not yet high enough to be type 2 diabetes. [3]

  8. STAT1 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/STAT1

    6772 20846 Ensembl ENSG00000115415 ENSMUSG00000026104 UniProt P42224 P42225 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_007315 NM_139266 NM_001205313 NM_001205314 NM_009283 NM_001357627 RefSeq (protein) NP_009330 NP_644671 n/a Location (UCSC) Chr 2: 190.91 – 191.02 Mb Chr 1: 52.16 – 52.2 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) is a ...

  9. Insulin receptor substrate 1 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insulin_receptor_substrate_1

    Insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) is a signaling adapter protein that in humans is encoded by the IRS1 gene. [5] It is a 180 kDa protein with amino acid sequence of 1242 residues. [ 6 ] It contains a single pleckstrin homology (PH) domain at the N-terminus and a PTB domain ca. 40 residues downstream of this, followed by a poorly conserved C ...

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