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The relationship between animals and their ecological niches has been firmly established. [8] A typical species becomes extinct within 10 million years of its first appearance, [5] although some species, called living fossils, survive with little to no morphological change for hundreds of millions of years.
As of 2022, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) listed 40 animal species as extinct in the wild. [1] That is approximately 0.04% of all evaluated animal species. The IUCN also lists five animal subspecies as extinct in the wild. This is a complete list of wild animal species and subspecies listed as extinct by the IUCN.
List of Asian animals extinct in the Holocene; List of European species extinct in the Holocene. List of extinct animals of the British Isles; List of North American animals extinct in the Holocene. List of Antillian and Bermudan animals extinct in the Holocene; List of Oceanian animals extinct in the Holocene. List of Australia-New Guinea ...
Period or supereon Extinction Date Probable causes [2]; Quaternary: Holocene extinction: c. 10,000 BC – Ongoing: Humans [3]: Quaternary extinction event: 640,000 ...
A species is declared extinct after exhaustive surveys of all potential habitats eliminate all reasonable doubt that the last individual of a species, whether in the wild or in captivity, has died. [15] Recently extinct species are defined by the IUCN as becoming extinct after 1500 CE. [1]
Eight of the extinct bird species were found in Hawaii, including the Po`ouli, which was last seen in 2004. The Po`ouli is the most recently seen species of all 21 animals on the list.
The shy Australian animals died after only a century of European settlement. Despite the world's last captive thylacine dying in 1936, the secretive animal wasn't declared extinct until 1986.
Together they are ranked by many scientists as the second-largest of the five major extinctions in Earth's history in terms of percentage of genera that became extinct. In May 2020, studies suggested that the causes of the mass extinction were global warming, related to volcanism, and anoxia, and not, as considered earlier, cooling and glaciation.