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  2. Cell membrane - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_membrane

    The cell membrane has different lipid and protein compositions in distinct types of cells and may have therefore specific names for certain cell types. Sarcolemma in muscle cells: Sarcolemma is the name given to the cell membrane of muscle cells. [46] Although the sarcolemma is similar to other cell membranes, it has other functions that set it ...

  3. Biological membrane - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biological_membrane

    A biological membrane, biomembrane or cell membrane is a selectively permeable membrane that separates the interior of a cell from the external environment or creates intracellular compartments by serving as a boundary between one part of the cell and another. Biological membranes, in the form of eukaryotic cell membranes, consist of a ...

  4. Cell (biology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_(biology)

    The cell wall acts to protect the cell mechanically and chemically from its environment, and is an additional layer of protection to the cell membrane. Different types of cell have cell walls made up of different materials; plant cell walls are primarily made up of cellulose, fungi cell walls are made up of chitin and bacteria cell walls are ...

  5. Lipid bilayer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipid_bilayer

    Prokaryotes have only one lipid bilayer - the cell membrane (also known as the plasma membrane). Many prokaryotes also have a cell wall, but the cell wall is composed of proteins or long chain carbohydrates, not lipids. In contrast, eukaryotes have a range of organelles including the nucleus, mitochondria, lysosomes and endoplasmic reticulum

  6. Endomembrane system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endomembrane_system

    Glycoproteins on the membrane assist the cell in recognizing other cells, in order to exchange metabolites and form tissues. Other proteins on the plasma membrane allow attachment to the cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix; a function that maintains cell shape and fixes the location of membrane proteins. Enzymes that catalyze reactions are ...

  7. Cell biology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_biology

    The membranes are slightly different from cell to cell and a cell's function determines the size and structure of the ER. [18] Mitochondria: Commonly known as the powerhouse of the cell is a double membrane bound cell organelle. [19] This functions for the production of energy or ATP within the cell.

  8. Nuclear envelope - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_envelope

    The nuclear envelope, also known as the nuclear membrane, [1] [a] is made up of two lipid bilayer membranes that in eukaryotic cells surround the nucleus, which encloses the genetic material. The nuclear envelope consists of two lipid bilayer membranes: an inner nuclear membrane and an outer nuclear membrane. [ 4 ]

  9. Fluid mosaic model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluid_mosaic_model

    Fluid mosaic model of a cell membrane. The fluid mosaic model explains various characteristics regarding the structure of functional cell membranes.According to this biological model, there is a lipid bilayer (two molecules thick layer consisting primarily of amphipathic phospholipids) in which protein molecules are embedded.