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Side effects of these drugs may include but are not limited to: Constipation; Peripheral edema, which can occur in as much as 70% of people receiving calcium channel blocker, is caused by calcium channel blockers' preferential arteriolar or precapillary dilation without commensurate dilation in the venous or postcapillary circulation.
Activated charcoal is recommended if it can be given within an hour or two of taking the calcium channel blockers. [1] In those who have taken an extended release formulation of a CCB but are otherwise doing fine, whole bowel irrigation with polyethylene glycol may be useful. [1] Causing vomiting by the use of medications such as ipecac is not ...
It is a potent and mild vasodilator of coronary and peripheral vessels, respectively, [29] which reduces peripheral resistance and afterload, though not as potent as the dihydropyridine (DHP) calcium channel blockers. This results in minimal reflexive sympathetic changes. [citation needed]
Serious side effects may include heart failure and bronchospasm. [6] ... peripheral vascular disease, non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers use, as well as ...
Common side effects include swelling, feeling tired, abdominal pain, and nausea. [10] Serious side effects may include low blood pressure or heart attack. [10] Whether use is safe during pregnancy or breastfeeding is unclear. [2] [10] When used by people with liver problems, and in elderly individuals, doses should be reduced. [10]
Class III antiarrhymics act as potassium channel blockers, while Class IV antiarrhymics are non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers. While the effects of these drugs may be antiarrhymic, they can also be proarrhymic in other contexts.
Class IV agents are slow non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers. They decrease conduction through the AV node, and shorten phase two (the plateau) of the cardiac action potential. They thus reduce the contractility of the heart, so may be inappropriate in heart failure.
Other side effects seen in less than 2% of the population include: edema, congestive heart failure, pulmonary edema, diarrhea, fatigue, elevated liver enzymes, shortness of breath, low heart rate, atrioventricular block, rash and flushing. [4] Along with other calcium channel blockers, verapamil is known to induce gingival enlargement. [31]