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The notion of a three-schema model was first introduced in 1975 by the ANSI/X3/SPARC three level architecture, which determined three levels to model data. [1]The three-schema approach, or three-schema concept, in software engineering is an approach to building information systems and systems information management that originated in the 1970s.
Four main theoretical concepts in schema therapy are early maladaptive schemas (or simply schemas), coping styles, modes, and core emotional needs: [3]. In cognitive psychology, a schema is an organized pattern of thought and behavior.
In psychology and cognitive science, a schema (pl.: schemata or schemas) describes a pattern of thought or behavior that organizes categories of information and the relationships among them. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It can also be described as a mental structure of preconceived ideas, a framework representing some aspect of the world, or a system of ...
A conceptual schema specifies the kinds of facts or propositions that can be expressed using the model. In that sense, it defines the allowed expressions in an artificial "language" with a scope that is limited by the scope of the model. Simply described, a conceptual schema is the first step in organizing the data requirements.
Schemas vary according to cultural background [2] and other environmental factors. [ 3 ] Once people have developed a schema about themselves, there is a strong tendency for that schema to be maintained by a bias in what they attend to, in what they remember, and in what they are prepared to accept as true about themselves.
Uniface was developed on the principles of the American National Standards Institute, (ANSI), 3-schema architecture. First proposed in 1975, this was a standard approach to the building of database management systems consisting of 3 schema (or metamodels): Conceptual schema—definition of all the data items and relationships between them.
The Schema Mechanism is intended to replicate key aspects of cognitive development during infancy. It takes Piaget's theory of human development as a source of inspiration for an artificial learning mechanism, and it extends and tests Piaget's theory by seeing whether a specific mechanism that works according to Piagetian themes exhibits ...
For instance, high-level schemas represent problem solving while low-level schemas typify actions. [7] In the Norman-Shallice model, two main processes manage the functioning and control of schemas. Contention scheduling is a lower-level mechanism that regulates schemata processes for familiar, automatic actions as well as some novel situations ...