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C++ does not have the keyword super that a subclass can use in Java to invoke the superclass version of a method that it wants to override. Instead, the name of the parent or base class is used followed by the scope resolution operator. For example, the following code presents two classes, the base class Rectangle, and the derived class Box.
This is typically accomplished by dynamically assigning program code at runtime. In object-oriented programming languages such as Java, reflection allows inspection of classes, interfaces, fields and methods at runtime without knowing the names of the interfaces, fields, methods at compile time.
Method chaining is a common syntax for invoking multiple method calls in object-oriented programming languages. Each method returns an object, allowing the calls to be chained together in a single statement without requiring variables to store the intermediate results.
Multiple dispatch or multimethods is a feature of some programming languages in which a function or method can be dynamically dispatched based on the run-time (dynamic) type or, in the more general case, some other attribute of more than one of its arguments. [1]
For example, if a bank-account class provides a getBalance() accessor method to retrieve the current balance (rather than directly accessing the balance data fields), then later revisions of the same code can implement a more complex mechanism for balance retrieval (e.g., a database fetch), without the dependent code needing to be changed. The ...
In object-oriented programming, the factory method pattern is a design pattern that uses factory methods to deal with the problem of creating objects without having to specify their exact classes. Rather than by calling a constructor , this is accomplished by invoking a factory method to create an object.
Dart includes dart:ffi [10] library to call native C code for mobile, command-line, and server applications; Dynamic programming languages, such as Python, Perl, Tcl, and Ruby, all provide easy access to native code written in C, C++, or any other language obeying C/C++ calling conventions.
Similarly, the idea of immutable data from functional programming is often included in imperative programming languages, [108] for example the tuple in Python, which is an immutable array, and Object.freeze() in JavaScript. [109]