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Next generation sequencing machines have increased the rate of DNA sequencing substantially, as compared with the previous Sanger methods. DNA samples can be prepared automatically in as little as 90 mins, [5] while a human genome can be sequenced at 15 times coverage in a matter of days. [6]
DNA sequencing is the process of determining the nucleic acid sequence – the order of nucleotides in DNA. It includes any method or technology that is used to determine the order of the four bases: adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine. The advent of rapid DNA sequencing methods has greatly accelerated biological and medical research and ...
The term was coined by The Economist [3] and is named after author Rob Carlson. [1]Carlson curves illustrate the rapid (in some cases above exponential growth) decreases in cost, and increases in performance, of a variety of technologies, including DNA sequencing, DNA synthesis and a range of physical and computational tools used in protein production and in determining protein structures.
Rothberg estimated the cost of the sequence—the first personal genome produced using a next-generation sequencing platform—at $1 million. [12] Watson's genome sequence was published in 2008. [13] A number of scientists have highlighted the cost of additional analysis after performing sequencing.
The cost of sequencing a human genome is dropping rapidly, due to the continual development of new, faster, cheaper DNA sequencing technologies such as "next-generation DNA sequencing". The National Human Genome Research Institute, an arm of the U.S. National Institutes of Health , has reported that the cost to sequence a whole human-sized ...
Its chief new genomics instrument was the ABI PRISM 3700 DNA Analyzer, which it had developed in conjunction with Hitachi, Ltd. [11] The new machine, an electrophoresis-based genetic analysis system, cost US$300,000 each, but was a major leap beyond its predecessor, the 377, and was fully automated, allowing genetic decoding to run around the ...
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