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The results for the health outcomes were that child incarceration predicted adult mobility limitations, adult depression, and adult suicidal thoughts compared to people incarcerated when they were 21 to 24. The negative health effects that incarceration can have, especially on children, is a social problem that more people need to focus on.
Relationships of incarcerated individuals are the familial and romantic relations of individuals in prisons or jails. Although the population of incarcerated men and women is considered quite high in many countries, [1] there is relatively little research on the effects of incarceration on the inmates' social worlds.
A 2010 study of panel data from 1978 to 2003 indicated that the crime-reducing effects of increasing incarceration are totally offset by the crime-increasing effects of prisoner re-entry. [287] According to a 2015 study by the Brennan Center for Justice, falling crime rates cannot be ascribed to mass incarceration. [288]
Infectious diseases within American correctional settings are a concern within the public health sector. The corrections population is susceptible to infectious diseases through exposure to blood and other bodily fluids, drug injection, poor health care, prison overcrowding, demographics, security issues, lack of community support for rehabilitation programs, and high-risk behaviors. [1]
With a larger prison population to watch over, there is less supervision and protection offered to prisoners and many become subject to abuse, including prison rape. [20] Overcrowding of prisons affects not only prison populations, but acts as a serious public health issue and can adversely affect society's health as a whole.
People with mental illnesses are over-represented in jail and prison populations in the United States relative to the general population. [1] [2] [3]There are three times as many mentally ill people in jails and prisons than in hospitals in the United States. [1]
The state’s sweeping privatization of its juvenile incarceration system has produced some of the worst re-offending rates in the nation. More than 40 percent of youth offenders sent to one of Florida’s juvenile prisons wind up arrested and convicted of another crime within a year of their release, according to state data.
In some prisons, women may be put into solitary confinement because their mental health issues prove to be too difficult for the authorities to deal with or are exhausting their resources. [11] If the prison authorities are unable to address their inmates’ health concerns, they may put them into solitary confinement to avoid solving the problem.