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Also (as with structs), the C++ enum keyword is combined with a typedef, so that instead of naming the type enum name, simply name it name. This can be simulated in C using a typedef: typedef enum {Value1, Value2} name; C++11 also provides a second kind of enumeration, called a scoped enumeration. These are type-safe: the enumerators are not ...
The C++ Standard Library provides several generic containers, functions to use and manipulate these containers, function objects, generic strings and streams (including interactive and file I/O), support for some language features, and functions for common tasks such as finding the square root of a number.
It also means that, for example, the bitand keyword may be used to replace not only the bitwise-and operator but also the address-of operator, and it can even be used to specify reference types (e.g., int bitand ref = n). The ISO C specification makes allowance for these keywords as preprocessor macros in the header file iso646.h.
Many new keywords added (and the new "spaceship operator", operator <=>), such as concept, constinit, [38] consteval, co_await, co_return, co_yield, requires (plus changed meaning for export), and char8_t (for UTF-8 support). [57] And explicit can take an expression since C++20. [58] Most of the uses of the volatile keyword have been deprecated ...
A function signature consists of the function prototype. It specifies the general information about a function like the name, scope and parameters. Many programming languages use name mangling in order to pass along more semantic information from the compilers to the linkers. In addition to mangling, there is an excess of information in a ...
In this file, there are two functions sin() and strcmp(), a global variable Foo, and two constants STATUS and VERSION.When SWIG creates an extension module, these declarations are accessible as scripting language functions, variables, and constants respectively.
A name used in a template declaration or definition and that is dependent on a template-parameter is assumed not to name a type unless the applicable name lookup finds a type name or the name is qualified by the keyword typename. In short, if the compiler can't tell if a dependent name is a value or a type, then it will assume that it is a value.
It is similar in concept to using *& (reference to a pointer) in standard C++, and (in function declarations) corresponds to the ref keyword applied to types in C#, or ByRef in Visual Basic .NET. C++/CLI uses a ^% syntax to indicate a tracking reference to a handle. The following code shows an example of the use of tracking references.