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Apollo–Soyuz was the first crewed international space mission, carried out jointly by the United States and the Soviet Union in July 1975. Millions of people around the world watched on television as an American Apollo spacecraft docked with a Soviet Soyuz capsule.
The mission was launched on 15 July 1975, with the Soyuz returning on 21 July and Apollo on 24 July. On 5 April, Soyuz 7K-T 39 aborted after the second and third stages failed to separate, with the crew pulling over 21 g on a ballistic reentry. On 19 April, the first Indian satellite, Aryabhatta, was launched on a Soviet Kosmos-3M.
With the Apollo–Soyuz mission, two nations collaborated on a space project for the first time. In July 1975, the United States launched the crewed Apollo Command module to rendezvous with Russia's crewed Soyuz module. A special docking station facilitated interaction among the astronauts.
Apollo-Soyuz Test Project (ASTP, 1975), first docking between the two competitor states, testing shared docking systems enabling future cooperation programs away from the competition. [ 45 ] Space Shuttle (US) docked to Mir (USSR/Russia) (1995), both products of the ending competition, joined in the Shuttle-Mir program (1993–1998) which ...
World map of alliances in 1970 The 1975 Apollo-Soyuz space rendez-vous, one of the attempts at cooperation between the US and the USSR during the détenteThe Cold War (1962–1979) refers to the phase within the Cold War that spanned the period between the aftermath of the Cuban Missile Crisis in late October 1962, through the détente period beginning in 1969, to the end of détente in the ...
Apollo program: 1960 1968: 1972: 11: Landed first humans on the Moon Skylab: 1964 1973: 1974: 3: First American space station Apollo–Soyuz Test Project: 1971 1975 1975 1 Joint with Soviet Union: Space Shuttle program: 1972 1981: 2011: 135: First missions in which a spacecraft was reused Shuttle-Mir program: 1993 1995: 1998: 11: Russian ...
The Agreement Concerning Cooperation in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space for Peaceful Purposes was an agreement between the United States of America (USA) and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) which established a legal framework for the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project (ASTP) and refined the means and methods for sharing data between these two parties.
Soyuz 7K-T No.39: USSR 5 April 1975 International docking: Thomas P. Stafford, Vance D. Brand, Donald K. Slayton – USA. Alexei Leonov, Valeri Kubasov – USSR. Apollo–Soyuz: USA USSR 17 July 1975 Crew to visit occupied space station Vladimir Dzhanibekov, Oleg Makarov: Soyuz 27 visits Salyut 6 EO-1 crew USSR 10 January 1978 – 16 January 1978