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The Medieval Latin form Ultrasylvania (1077), later Transylvania (from another point of view after the foundation of Hungary in 895), was a direct translation from the Hungarian form. [10] In Ukrainian and German, the names Zalissia (Ukrainian: Залісся) and Überwald, both meaning "beyond the forest" are also used.
Transylvania is known for the scenery of its Carpathian landscape and its rich history, coupled with its multi-cultural character. It also contains Romania's second-largest city, Cluj-Napoca , and other very well preserved medieval iconic cities and towns such as Brașov , Sibiu , Târgu Mureș , Bistrița , Alba Iulia , Mediaș , and Sighișoara .
Transylvania is a historical region in central and northwestern Romania.It was under the rule of the Agathyrsi, part of the Dacian Kingdom (168 BC–106 AD), Roman Dacia (106–271), the Goths, the Hunnic Empire (4th–5th centuries), the Kingdom of the Gepids (5th–6th centuries), the Avar Khaganate (6th–9th centuries), the Slavs, and the 9th century First Bulgarian Empire.
Bethlen is the Hungarian and adopted German name of two places in Transylvania, Romania, which are both called Beclean in Romanian: the town of Beclean in Bistriţa-Năsăud County, and the commune of Beclean (German: Bethlen or Badlinen, Hungarian: Bethlen), in Braşov County.
There is an ongoing scholarly debate among Hungarian and Romanian historians regarding the medieval population of Transylvania.While some Romanian historians claim there was a continuous Romanian majority, Hungarian historians argue that Romanians continuously settled in the Kingdom of Hungary, of which Transylvania was a part.
There are two major conflicting theories concerning whether or not the Romanized Dacian population (one of the ancestors of the Romanians) continued to live in Transylvania after the withdrawal of the Romans, and therefore whether or not the Romanians were present in Transylvania at the time of the Great Migrations, particularly at the time of ...
The princes of Transylvania paid a yearly tribute to the Ottoman sultans and could not conduct an independent foreign policy. [3] They also maintained a special relationship with the Habsburg rulers of Royal Hungary (the realm developing on the northern and western territories of medieval Hungary), theoretically acknowledging that their ...
The Teleki family is an old Hungarian noble family whose members, for centuries, occupied many important positions in the Principality of Transylvania, in the Holy Roman Empire and later in the Austro-Hungarian Empire.