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Native Hawaiians (also known as Indigenous Hawaiians, Kānaka Maoli, Aboriginal Hawaiians, or simply Hawaiians; Hawaiian: kānaka, kānaka ʻōiwi, Kānaka Maoli, and Hawaiʻi maoli) are the Indigenous Polynesian people of the Hawaiian Islands. Hawaii was settled at least 800 years ago by Polynesians who sailed from the Society Islands. The ...
Kanaka workers on a sugar cane plantation in Queensland, late 19th century. Loyalty Islanders employed as sailors on the New Caledonian coast. Kanakas were workers (a mix of voluntary and involuntary) from various Pacific Islands employed in British colonies, such as British Columbia (Canada), Fiji, Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, Papua New Guinea, and Queensland (Australia) in the 19th and early ...
The word Kanak (originally spelled Canaque in French) is derived from kanaka maoli, a Hawaiian phrase meaning 'ordinary person' which was at one time applied indiscriminately by European colonisers, traders and missionaries in Oceania to any non-European Pacific islander. [8]
These laborers were referred to as kanakas, a term derived from the Hawaiian word "kanaka" (human). Canada's first wave of Hawaiian workers arrived in 1811, with a total of 24 laborers on board. [2] [3] [4] In subsequent years, further immigration continued from the Hawaiian Islands. Initially, most Hawaiians worked in the fur industry.
Kanaka (given name), an Indian name (including a list of persons with the name) Kanaka (actress), Indian film actress; Kanaka (Pacific Island worker), workers from Pacific Islands employed in British colonies and in North American fur trade and goldfields; Kānaka Maoli, the traditional name native of the Hawaiian people
Kapu aloha is an evolving, philosophical code of conduct that is culturally informed by Kanaka Maoli ontologies and epistemologies, being expressed politically through non-violent direct action, and ceremonially through behavioral conduct in alignment with Kanaka Maoli cultural practices and notions of the sacred. [1]
Aloha ʻāina has been a practice of Kanaka Maoli survivance that helped to develop the Hawaiian sovereignty movement. It is also part of the Hawaiian consciousness that is a symbol of cultural identity that helps to unite Hawaiians. [ 16 ]
The entire ahupuaʻa of Halawa is highly sacred to Kanaka Maoli.At the far Makai (ocean) side at Puʻuloa or Pearl Harbor, it is, according to Kanaka Maoli beliefs, the home of the shark goddess Kaʻahupahau, known as the "Queen of Sharks", who protected Oʻahu and strictly enforced kind, fair behavior on the part of both sharks and humans.