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Tokyo Detention House. Within the criminal justice system of Japan, there exist three basic features that characterize its operations.First, the institutions—police, government prosecutors' offices, courts, and correctional organs—maintain close and cooperative relations with each other, consulting frequently on how best to accomplish the shared goals of limiting and controlling crime.
The penal system of Japan (including prisons) is part of the criminal justice system of Japan. It is intended to resocialize , reform , rehabilitate and punish offenders. The penal system is operated by the Correction Bureau of the Ministry of Justice .
In 1872, Japan introduced a modern prosecution system following the French system. [6] The 1880 Act provided that public prosecutors had exclusive power of prosecution and it was enforced in 1882. [6] However, the then system adopted preliminary hearings and collection of evidence was placed on pretrial judges. [6]
TMPD officers outside a kōban near Yoyogi Station. According to statistics of the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, among the 192 member states of the UN, and among the countries reporting statistics of criminal and criminal justice, the incidence rate of violent crimes such as murder, abduction, rape, and robbery is very low in Japan.
In the Empire of Japan, the criminal investigation was presided over by prosecutors, like the ministère public does in French law. With the 1947 Police Law ( 警察法 [ ja ] ) and the 1948 Code of Criminal Procedure ( 刑事訴訟法 [ ja ] ), the responsibility of investigation has been defined to be uniquely assigned to police officers.
The criminal penal code refers to the criminal code relating to the punishment of acts that are thought of as morally wrong and are considered punishable. In Japanese law, in addition to the criminal code, explosives control and punishment for violent acts, etc. belong to the criminal penal code.
It acquired its present name under the post-war Constitution of Japan in 1952. Its responsibilities include administration of Japan's judicial system and the penal system. It represents the Japanese government in litigation, and is also responsible for maintaining the official registers of households, resident aliens, real estate and corporations.
2nd Building of the Central Common Government Office, the building which houses the agency. The National Police Agency (Japanese: 警察庁, Hepburn: Keisatsu-chō) is the central coordinating law enforcement agency of the Japanese police system.