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Recognition of extracellular or endosomal pathogen-associated molecular patterns is mediated by transmembrane proteins known as toll-like receptors (TLRs). [7] TLRs share a typical structural motif, the leucine rich repeats (LRR), which give them their specific appearance and are also responsible for TLR functionality. [8]
Pattern recognition receptor This page was last edited on 24 April 2022, at 18:50 (UTC). Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution ...
Toll-like receptors bind and become activated by different ligands, which, in turn, are located on different types of organisms or structures. They also have different adapters to respond to activation and are located sometimes at the cell surface and sometimes to internal cell compartments . [ 26 ]
Comparison of different receptor targets and associated functions Receptor Bind to [1] Function [1] Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) (e.g. TLRs, NLRs) Pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP) Mediate cytokine production → inflammation → destroying pathogen: Killer activated and killer inhibitor receptors (KARs and KIRs)
The first function described for TLR4 was the recognition of exogenous molecules from pathogens (PAMPs), in particular LPS molecules from gram-negative bacteria. [13] As pattern recognition receptor, TLR4 plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity which is the first line of defense against invading micro-organisms.
Toll-like receptor 1 (TLR1) is a member of the toll-like receptor (TLR) family of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that form the cornerstone of the innate immune system. [5] [6] [7] TLR1 recognizes bacterial lipoproteins and glycolipids in complex with TLR2. TLR1 is a cell surface receptor. [5]
This list aims to organize information on how proteins are most often classified: by structure, by function, or by location. ... Pattern recognition receptors ...
NLRP3 is a component of the innate immune system that functions as a pattern recognition receptor (PRR) that recognizes pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). [14] NLRP3 belongs to the NOD-like receptor (NLR) subfamily of PRRs and NLRP3 together with the adaptor ASC protein PYCARD forms a caspase-1 activating complex known as the NLRP3 ...