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A femoral fracture is a bone fracture that involves the femur. They are typically sustained in high-impact trauma, such as car crashes , due to the large amount of force needed to break the bone. Fractures of the diaphysis , or middle of the femur, are managed differently from those at the head, neck, and trochanter ; those are conventionally ...
For low-grade fractures (Garden types 1 and 2), standard treatment is fixation of the fracture in situ with screws or a sliding screw/plate device. In elderly patients with displaced or intracapsular fractures many surgeons prefer to undertake a hemiarthroplasty , replacing the broken part of the bone with a metal implant.
A trochanteric fracture, below the neck of the femur, has a good chance of healing. Closed reduction may not be satisfactory and open reduction then becomes necessary. [42] The use of open reduction has been reported as 8-13% among pertrochanteric fractures, and 52% among intertrochanteric fractures. [43]
A commercial version known as the "Austin Moore Prosthesis" was introduced in 1952; it is still in use today, typically for femoral neck fractures in the elderly. [111] Following the lead of Wiles, several UK general hospitals including Norwich, Wrightington, Stanmore, Redhill and Exeter developed metal-based prostheses during the 1950s and ...
The distal capsular attachment on the femur follows the shape of the irregular rim between the head and the neck. As a consequence, the capsule of the hip joint attaches in the region of the intertrochanteric line on the anterior side, but a finger away from the intertrochanteric crest on the posterior side of the head. [4]
The upper extremity, proximal extremity or superior epiphysis of the femur is the part of the femur closest to the pelvic bone and the trunk. It contains the following structures: Femoral head including the fovea; Femur neck; Greater trochanter; Lesser trochanter; Intertrochanteric line; Intertrochanteric crest; Trochanteric fossa; Linea ...
The Evans–Jensen classification is a system of categorizing intertrochanteric hip fractures based on the fracture pattern of the proximal femur.
The Garden classification is a system of categorizing intracapsular hip fractures of the femoral neck. This fracture often disrupt the blood supply to the femoral head . British orthopaedic surgeon Robert Symon Garden [ fr ] described a classification system for this type of fracture, referred to as the Garden classification and consisting of ...