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The Pullman Strike comprised two interrelated strikes in 1894 that shaped national labor policy in the United States during a period of deep economic depression. First came a strike by the American Railway Union (ARU) against the Pullman Company 's factory in Chicago in spring 1894.
In re Debs, 158 U.S. 564 (1895), was a labor law case of the United States Supreme Court, which upheld a contempt of court conviction against Eugene V. Debs.Debs had the American Railway Union continue its 1894 Pullman Strike in violation of a federal injunction ordering labor unions back to work.
The Pullman Strike began at the Pullman Company in Chicago after Pullman refused to either lower rent in the company town or raise wages for its workers due to increased economic pressure from the Panic of 1893. [21] Since the Pullman Company was a railroad car company, this only increased the difficulty of acquiring rolling stock.
The ARU established temporary strike headquarters in Chicago to keep more closely abreast of the situation. [16] Chicago became a constant mass of meetings as workers of the various railway crafts gathered to discuss the strike situation. [16] The railway switchmen were the first to act, refusing to attach Pullman cars to trains. [17]
The membership ignored his warnings and refused to handle Pullman cars or any other railroad cars attached to them, including cars containing the U.S. mail. [12] After ARU Board Director Martin J. Elliott extended the strike to St. Louis, doubling its size to eighty thousand workers, Debs relented and decided to take part in the strike, which ...
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Pullman strikers outside Arcade Building in Pullman, Chicago. The Illinois National Guard can be seen guarding the building during the Pullman Railroad Strike in 1894. 11 May – 10 July 1894 (United States) Pullman Strike: A nation-wide strike against the Pullman Company begins with a wildcat walkout [20] on 11 May after wages are drastically ...