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An explosion crater is a type of crater formed when material is ejected from the surface of the ground by an explosion at or immediately above or below the surface. Stylised cross-section of a crater formed by a below-ground explosion. A crater is formed by an explosion through the displacement and ejection of material from the ground.
Crest of old tuff ring, including part of the maar crater of a monogenetic volcano, Tenerife, Canary Islands. The maar crater has been used for agriculture. There are two types of vent landforms from the explosive interaction of magma and ground or surface water; tuff cones and tuff rings. [1]
The largest in the last one million years is the 14-kilometre (8.7 mi) Zhamanshin crater in Kazakhstan and has been described as being capable of producing a nuclear-like winter. [ 11 ] The source of the enormous Australasian strewnfield (c. 780 ka ) is a currently undiscovered crater probably located in Southeast Asia.
A central-peak crater is the most basic form of complex crater. A central-peak crater can have a tightly spaced, ring-like arrangement of peaks, thus be a peak ring crater, though the peak is often single. [3] Central-peak craters can occur in impact craters via meteorites. An Earthly example is Mistastin crater, in Canada. [1]
Immediately after an impact event, the falling debris forms an ejecta blanket surrounding the crater. An ejecta blanket is deposited in the interior regions of the crater rim to the final crater rim and beyond the crater rim. [2] Approximately half the volume of ejecta falls within 1 crater radius of the rim, or 2 radii from the center of the ...
Tycho is a relatively young crater, with an estimated age of 108 million years , based on analysis of samples of the crater ray recovered during the Apollo 17 mission. [3] This age initially suggested that the impactor may have been a member of the Baptistina family of asteroids, but as the composition of the impactor is unknown this remained ...
English: How crater-depth is measured, using the side-view of a typical crater. Depth "A" measures from the surface to the bottom of the crater. Depth "B" measures from the mean height of the rim to the bottom of the crater.
In the Pistol model, lopoliths form.by vertical subsidence of the floor. [4] Lopoliths are lenticular concordant intrusive masses that display a convex-down shape. It typically involves floor depression. Two models were proposed for the formation of lopoliths. They are the cantilever model and the piston model.