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Fluoroantimonic acid is a mixture of hydrogen fluoride and antimony pentafluoride, containing various cations and anions (the simplest being H 2 F + and Sb F − 6).This mixture is a superacid that, in terms of corrosiveness, is trillions of times stronger than pure sulfuric acid when measured by its Hammett acidity function.
Although hydrofluoric acid is regarded as a weak acid, it is very corrosive, even attacking glass when hydrated. [20] Dilute solutions are weakly acidic with an acid ionization constant K a = 6.6 × 10 −4 (or pK a = 3.18), [10] in contrast to corresponding solutions of the other hydrogen halides, which are strong acids (pK a < 0).
Commercially available superacids include trifluoromethanesulfonic acid (CF 3 SO 3 H), also known as triflic acid, and fluorosulfuric acid (HSO 3 F), both of which are about a thousand times stronger (i.e. have more negative H 0 values) than sulfuric acid. Most strong superacids are prepared by the combination of a strong Lewis acid and a ...
This is the list of extremely hazardous substances defined in Section 302 of the U.S. Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (42 U.S.C. § 11002).The list can be found as an appendix to 40 CFR 355. [1]
HAZMAT Class 8 placard on a truck in Canada. 454 kg (1001 lbs) or more gross weight of a corrosive material. Although the corrosive class includes both acids and bases, the hazardous materials load and segregation chart does not make any reference to the separation of various incompatible corrosive materials from each other.
In the most common use of the word, this means electrochemical oxidation of metal in reaction with an oxidant such as oxygen, hydrogen, or hydroxide. Rusting , the formation of red-orange iron oxides, is a well-known example of electrochemical corrosion.
Pure sulfuric acid does not occur naturally due to its strong affinity to water vapor; it is hygroscopic and readily absorbs water vapor from the air. [7] Concentrated sulfuric acid is a strong oxidant with powerful dehydrating properties, making it highly corrosive towards other materials, from rocks to metals.
The main types of irritant and/or corrosive products are: acids, bases, oxidizers / reducing agents, solvents, and alkylants. Additionally, chemical burns can be caused by biological toxins (such as anthrax toxin) and by some types of cytotoxic chemical weapons, e.g., vesicants such as mustard gas and Lewisite, or urticants such as phosgene oxime.