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Spatial variability can be assessed using spatial descriptive statistics such as the range. Let us suppose that the Rev' z(x) is perfectly known at any point x within the field under study. Then the uncertainty about z(x) is reduced to zero, whereas its spatial variability still exists. Uncertainty is closely related to the amount of spatial ...
The empirical variogram is used in geostatistics as a first estimate of the variogram model needed for spatial interpolation by kriging. Empirical variograms for the spatiotemporal variability of column-averaged carbon dioxide was used to determine coincidence criteria for satellite and ground-based measurements. [4]
All the common words, idioms, proverbs, and modern academic, literary, scientific, and technical terms of the Urdu language have been listed. Only those obsolete words and idioms have been included which are found in ancient books. They are indicated by the symbol "Qaaf". The English words that are commonly used in Urdu have also been included. [5]
The Urdu Dictionary Board (Urdu: اردو لغت بورڈ, romanized: Urdu Lughat Board) is an academic and literary institution of Pakistan, administered by National History and Literary Heritage Division of the Ministry of Information & Broadcasting. Its objective is to edit and publish a comprehensive dictionary of the Urdu language.
The spatial distribution of the population and development are closely related to each other, especially in the context of sustainability.The challenges related to the spatial spread of a population include: rapid urbanization and population concentration, rural population, urban management and poverty housing, displaced persons and refugees.
Spatial analysis confronts many fundamental issues in the definition of its objects of study, in the construction of the analytic operations to be used, in the use of computers for analysis, in the limitations and particularities of the analyses which are known, and in the presentation of analytic results.
The Spectral Variability Hypothesis (SVH) states that spatial variability in the reflectance of vegetated surfaces relates to plant species richness.It has been originally coined by Palmer et al. (2000) and states that "species richness will be positively related to any objective measure (e.g. standard deviation) of the variation in the spectral characteristics of a remotely sensed image". [1]
The variability in percentage terms may, however, be rather stable. Use a different specification for the model (different X variables, or perhaps non-linear transformations of the X variables). Apply a weighted least squares estimation method, in which OLS is applied to transformed or weighted values of X and Y .