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In early medieval England between the years 800–1100, substitution ciphers were frequently used by scribes as a playful and clever way to encipher notes, solutions to riddles, and colophons. The ciphers tend to be fairly straightforward, but sometimes they deviate from an ordinary pattern, adding to their complexity, and possibly also to ...
The Code Book: The Science of Secrecy from Ancient Egypt to Quantum Cryptography. New York: Anchor Books, 1999. ISBN 0-385-49532-3. Urban, Mark. "The Blockade of Ciudad Rodrigo, June to November 1811 - The Great Cipher." in The Man Who Broke Napoleon's Codes. Harper Perennial, 2003. ISBN 978-0-06-093455-2
Cryptography is also a branch of engineering, but an unusual one since it deals with active, intelligent, and malevolent opposition; other kinds of engineering (e.g., civil or chemical engineering) need deal only with neutral natural forces. There is also active research examining the relationship between cryptographic problems and quantum physics.
C. Capstone (cryptography) Card catalog (cryptology) Michel de Castelnau; CAVNET; Central Bureau; Operation CHAOS; Choctaw code talkers; Cipher Bureau (Poland)
Edward Larsson's rune cipher resembling that found on the Kensington Runestone.Also includes runically unrelated blackletter writing style and pigpen cipher.. In cryptography, a cipher (or cypher) is an algorithm for performing encryption or decryption—a series of well-defined steps that can be followed as a procedure.
Pages in category "Medieval cryptographers" The following 8 pages are in this category, out of 8 total. This list may not reflect recent changes. A.
The knowledge of cipher runes was best preserved in Iceland, and during the 17th–18th centuries, Icelandic scholars produced several treatises on the subject.The most notable of these is the manuscript Runologia by Jón Ólafsson (1705–1779), which he wrote in Copenhagen (1732–1752).
See also: List of cryptographers, List of cryptography topics, Category:Intelligence analysts. ... Medieval cryptographers (8 P) Modern cryptographers (3 C, 131 P) R.