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Jeep uses a variety of four-wheel drive systems on their vehicles.These range from basic part-time systems that require the driver to move a control lever to send power to four wheels, to permanent four-wheel systems that monitor and sense traction needs at all four wheels automatically under all conditions.
The Jeep Wrangler (pictured is a TJ Wrangler) is a 4WD vehicle with a transfer case to select low-range or high-range four-wheel drive. A four-wheel drive, also called 4×4 ("four by four") or 4WD, is a two-axled vehicle drivetrain capable of providing torque to all of its wheels simultaneously.
Due to the number of wheels that receive power, a front or rear wheel drive differential is less complex than an all-wheel drive differential. The impact of torque distribution is the generation of yaw moment arising from longitudinal forces and changes to the lateral resistance generated by each tire.
The Quaife version is most established in Europe and other markets other than the US, providing extensive aftermarket support for European and Japanese brand cars, especially front-wheel drive and all-wheel drive applications. The Mk1 & Mk2 (optional on later Mk3) Ford Focus RS used the Quaife ATB Differential®️ as original equipment.
Drive modes offered include 2-wheel high, part-time 4-wheel high, and part-time 4-wheel Low. All Dana 18 cases are cast iron and use the "Texas" bolt pattern with five bolts holding on the transfer case. There are five variations: 27-tooth drive gear, 3/4" intermediate shaft and 1.98:1 low range, 3" input hole
Four-wheel drive systems include Quadra-Trac I, Quadra-Trac II, and Quadra-Drive II. Using Selec-Terrain , the driver can select modes for Auto, Sport, Snow, Sand/Mud, and Rock. Optional height-adjustable air suspension , which Jeep refers to as "Quadra-Lift", can raise the vehicle's ground clearance up to 11.1 in (282 mm).
Variable Torque Distribution (VTD) AWD was first presented in 1991, with the addition of Vehicle Dynamics Control (VDC) in 1998, allowing for better control of the all-wheel drive system. [4] Modern implementations of SAWD are used in conjunction with VDC, ABS, and traction control for enhanced handling performance.
On a very basic level, the SH-AWD system is a combination of the Honda Variable Torque Management 4WD (VTM-4) automatic all-wheel-drive system and the Active Torque Transfer System (ATTS) variable torque distribution system. Honda introduced the ATTS technology in the 1997 Honda Prelude Type SH.