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In philosophy, a noumenon (/ ˈ n uː m ə n ɒ n /, / ˈ n aʊ-/; from Ancient Greek: νοούμενoν; pl.: noumena) is knowledge [1] posited as an object that exists independently of human sense. [2] The term noumenon is generally used in contrast with, or in relation to, the term phenomenon, which refers to any object of the senses.
The combustion of a match is an observable occurrence, or event, and therefore a phenomenon. A phenomenon (pl.: phenomena), sometimes spelled phaenomenon, is an observable event. [1] The term came into its modern philosophical usage through Immanuel Kant, who contrasted it with the noumenon, which cannot be directly observed.
[6] Husserl also refers to the noema as the Sinn or sense (meaning) of the act, and sometimes appears to use the terms interchangeably. Nevertheless, the Sinn does not represent what Husserl calls the "full noema": Sinn belongs to the noema, but the full noema is the object of the act as meant in the act, the perceived object as perceived, the ...
In Kantian philosophy, the thing-in-itself (German: Ding an sich) is the status of objects as they are, independent of representation and observation. The concept of the thing-in-itself was introduced by the German philosopher Immanuel Kant, and over the following centuries was met with controversy among later philosophers. [1]
But Kant was a transitional thinker [clarification needed], so he still maintains the phenomenon/noumenon dichotomy, but what he did achieve was to render Noumena as unknowable and irrelevant. [1] Foucault would come to adapt it in a historical sense through the concept of "episteme":
Noumenon is knowledge posited as an object that exists independently of human sense. Noumenon or Noumena may also refer to: ... "Noumenon and Phenomenon", ...
Numinous was derived in the 17th century from the Latin numen, meaning "nod" and thus, in a transferred (figurative, metaphorical) sense, "divine will, divine command, divinity or majesty." Numinous is etymologically unrelated to Immanuel Kant's noumenon , a Greek term referring to an unknowable reality underlying all things.
For example, the act of seeing a horse qualifies as an experience, whether one sees the horse in person, in a dream, or in a hallucination. 'Bracketing' the horse suspends any judgement about the horse as noumenon, and instead analyses the phenomenon of the horse as constituted in intentional acts.