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An enthalpy–entropy chart, also known as the H–S chart or Mollier diagram, plots the total heat against entropy, [1] describing the enthalpy of a thermodynamic system. [2] A typical chart covers a pressure range of 0.01–1000 bar , and temperatures up to 800 degrees Celsius . [ 3 ]
Superheated steam was widely used in main line steam locomotives. Saturated steam has three main disadvantages in a steam engine: it contains small droplets of water which have to be periodically drained from the cylinders; being precisely at the boiling point of water for the boiler pressure in use, it inevitably condenses to some extent in the steam pipes and cylinders outside the boiler ...
In ovens, steam cleaning is an alternative to catalysis and pyrolysis for making a self-cleaning oven, and uses a lower temperature (approximately 100 Celsius) compared to catalysis (approx. 200 Celsius) and pyrolysis (approx. 500 Celsius). [3]
Description: Blue lines indicate vapor quality, mass percentage in the saturated mixture that is in gas phase . Black lines indicate pressure in pounds per square inch . Grey lines indicate specific volume in square feet per pound-mass of steam
An autoclave, which uses steam under pressure, is used in microbiology laboratories and similar environments for sterilization. Steam, especially dry (highly superheated) steam, may be used for antimicrobial cleaning even to the levels of sterilization. Steam is a non-toxic antimicrobial agent. [11] [12]
A portable steam cleaner Image source: Cjp24. Vapor steam cleaners or steam vapor systems are cleaning appliances or devices that use steam to dry, clean, and sanitize surfaces. The steam is produced in a boiler that heats tap water to high temperatures to produce low-pressure, low moisture water vapor. [1]
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The pressure on a pressure-temperature diagram (such as the water phase diagram shown above) is the partial pressure of the substance in question. A phase diagram in physical chemistry , engineering , mineralogy , and materials science is a type of chart used to show conditions (pressure, temperature, etc.) at which thermodynamically distinct ...