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The valid standards concerning concrete are: EN 206-1: determines minimum requirements of concrete composition for different environmental classes. NBN B15-100: Belgian annex; CUR recommendation 48: Dutch annex; These national annexes serve to elaborate the functional description of the Equivalent Concrete Performance Concept.
Reactive powder concrete, also known as ultra-high-performance concrete, can be even stronger, with strengths of up to 800 MPa (116,000 PSI). [4] These are made by eliminating large aggregate completely, carefully controlling the size of the fine aggregates to ensure the best possible packing, and incorporating steel fibers (sometimes produced ...
ACI 318 Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete provides minimum requirements necessary to provide public health and safety for the design and construction of structural concrete buildings. [6] It is issued and maintained by the American Concrete Institute. [7] The latest edition of the code is ACI 318-19.
SSPC-SP13/NACE No. 6 Surface Preparation of Concrete is a SSPC and NACE International joint standard that covers the preparation of concrete surfaces prior to the application of protective coating or lining systems. This standard should be used by specifiers, applicators, inspectors, and other who are responsible for defining a standard degree ...
Ultra-high-performance concrete is a new type of concrete that is being developed by agencies concerned with infrastructure protection. UHPC is characterized by being a steel fibre-reinforced cement composite material with compressive strengths in excess of 150 MPa, up to and possibly exceeding 250 MPa.
Logo of Eurocode 2 An example of a concrete structure. In the Eurocode series of European standards (EN) related to construction, Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures (abbreviated EN 1992 or, informally, EC 2) specifies technical rules for the design of concrete, reinforced concrete and prestressed concrete structures, using the limit state design philosophy.
The National Concrete Masonry Association (NCMA) is a United States trade association of manufacturers of concrete and masonry products. [2] The association was founded in 1918. NCMA publishes methods and specifications, which are used by the industry, and are cited within professional manuals.
Concrete has a very low coefficient of thermal expansion and shrinks as it matures. All concrete structures crack to some extent, due to shrinkage and tension. Concrete that is subjected to long-duration forces is prone to creep. Tests can be performed to ensure that the properties of concrete correspond to specifications for the application.