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The calcium carbonate that the otolith is composed of is primarily derived from the water. As the otolith grows, new calcium carbonate crystals form. As with any crystal structure, lattice vacancies will exist during crystal formation allowing trace elements from the water to bind with the otolith.
Otoconia are crystals of calcium carbonate and make the otolithic membrane heavier than the structures and fluids surrounding it. [1] The otoconia are composite crystallites that overlie the macular sensory epithelium of the gravity receptors of most vertebrates and are required for optimal stimulus input of linear acceleration and gravity. [3]
Balance skill development in children Balance training using medicine balls. The sense of balance or equilibrioception is the perception of balance and spatial orientation. [1] It helps prevent humans and nonhuman animals from falling over when standing or moving.
A woman demonstrating the ability to balance A waiter balancing wine glasses. Balance in biomechanics, is an ability to maintain the line of gravity (vertical line from centre of mass) of a body within the base of support with minimal postural sway. [1] Sway is the horizontal movement of the centre of gravity even when a person is standing still.
Balance is the result of several body systems working together: the visual system (eyes), vestibular system (ears) and proprioception (the body's sense of where it is in space). Degeneration or loss of function in any of these systems can lead to balance deficits.
The unit cell is defined as the smallest repeating unit having the full symmetry of the crystal structure. [2] The geometry of the unit cell is defined as a parallelepiped , providing six lattice parameters taken as the lengths of the cell edges ( a , b , c ) and the angles between them (α, β, γ).
Fluid balance is important to health. Profuse sweating can increase the need to replace electrolytes (salts). Water intoxication (the consumption of too much water too quickly) causes hyponatremia, which can cause death in minutes or hours. [8] Water makes up about 60% of the body weight in men and 55% of weight in women. [9]
A rock containing three crystals of pyrite (FeS 2). The crystal structure of pyrite is primitive cubic, and this is reflected in the cubic symmetry of its natural crystal facets. A network model of a primitive cubic system The primitive and cubic close-packed (also known as face-centered cubic) unit cells