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Kepler's De raris mirisque Anni 1631 Phaenomenis notice to astronomers of the impending transits of Mercury and Venus, 1631. By the 17th century, two developments allowed for the transits of planets across the face of the Sun to be predicted and observed: the telescope and the new astronomy of Johannes Kepler, which assumed elliptical, rather than circular, planetary orbits.
Plaque commemorating Crabtree's observation of the Transit of Venus Crabtree corresponded with Jeremiah Horrocks , another enthusiastic amateur astronomer, from 1636. A group of astronomers from the north of England, which included William Gascoigne , formed around them and were Britain's first followers of the astronomy of Johannes Kepler .
The year 1639 in science and technology involved some significant events. Jeremah Horrock's observation of Venus transit across the Sun in 1639. From his work Venus in sole visa , printed 1662
2004 transit of Venus across the Sun. Transits of Venus directly between the Earth and the Sun's visible disc are rare astronomical events. The first such transit to be predicted and observed was the Transit of Venus, 1639, seen and recorded by English astronomers Jeremiah Horrocks and William Crabtree.
The 1639 transit of Venus was accurately predicted by Jeremiah Horrocks and observed by him and his friend, William Crabtree, at each of their respective homes, on 4 December 1639 (24 November under the Julian calendar in use at that time). [213] William Richard Lavender, Jeremiah Horrocks (1618–1641) (1903), Astley Hall Museum and Art Gallery
The astronomical measurements taken of the transit of Venus by a number of countries since 1639 resulted in a progressively more accurate definition of the AU. Relying strongly on photographic methods, the naval observers returned 350 photographic plates in 1874, and 1,380 measurable plates in 1882.
A transit of Venus takes place when Venus passes directly between the Sun and the Earth (or any other superior planet), becoming visible against (and hence obscuring a small portion of) the solar disk. During a transit, Venus is visible as a small black circle moving across the face of the Sun. Transits of Venus reoccur periodically.
1639 transit of Venus; 1769 transit of Venus observed from Tahiti; 1874 transit of Venus; 1874 Transit of Venus Expedition to Campbell Island; 1874 Transit of Venus Expedition to Hawaii; 1882 transit of Venus; 2004 transit of Venus; 2012 transit of Venus