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The nerve of the anterior compartment of thigh is the femoral nerve. [2] Innervation for the quadriceps muscles come from the posterior division of the femoral nerve, while the anterior division (which contains cutaneous as well as muscular components) gives a lateral and a medial branch, the second being responsible for the innervation of the sartorius muscle. [4]
In the thigh, the nerve lies in a groove between iliacus muscle and psoas major muscle, outside the femoral sheath, and lateral to the femoral artery. After a short course of about 4 cm in the thigh, the nerve is divided into anterior and posterior divisions, separated by lateral femoral circumflex artery. The branches are shown below: [1]
The medial circumflex femoral artery (internal circumflex artery, [1] medial femoral circumflex artery) is an artery in the upper thigh [2] that arises from the profunda femoris artery. [1] It supplies arterial blood to several muscles in the region, as well as the femoral head and neck.
The anterior branch runs downward on the sartorius, perforates the fascia lata at the lower third of the thigh, and divides into two branches: one supplies the integument as low down as the medial side of the knee; the other crosses to the lateral side of the patella, communicating in its course with the infrapatellar branch of the saphenous nerve.
The sartorius muscle originates from the anterior superior iliac spine, [4] and part of the notch between the anterior superior iliac spine and anterior inferior iliac spine. It runs obliquely across the upper and anterior part of the thigh in an inferomedial direction. [3] It passes behind the medial condyle of the femur to end in a tendon.
Cross section of the thigh showing the fascial compartments in different colors. Green is the medial compartment (gracilis and adductor magnus), blue is the posterior (semimembrosus to biceps c. brevis) and red is the anterior (vastus lateralis to sartorius).
Just inferolateral to the pubic tubercle the fascia extends downwards forming an arched (falciform) margin of the lateral boundary of the opening. It is covered by a thin perforated part of the superficial fascia called the fascia cribrosa which is pierced by the great saphenous vein, the 3 superficial branches of the femoral artery (except superficial circumflex iliac artery, which pierces ...
The lateral circumflex femoral artery (also known as the lateral femoral circumflex artery or the external circumflex artery [1]) is an artery in the upper thigh. [citation needed] It is usually a branch of the profunda femoris artery, and produces three branches. It is mostly distributed to the muscles of the lateral thigh, supplying arterial ...