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  2. Curved mirror - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curved_mirror

    A convex mirror diagram showing the focus, focal length, centre of curvature, principal axis, etc. A convex mirror or diverging mirror is a curved mirror in which the reflective surface bulges towards the light source. [1] Convex mirrors reflect light outwards, therefore they are not used to focus light.

  3. Catadioptric system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catadioptric_system

    Bokeh of a mirror lens, with ring pattern in out of focus areas. Several companies made catadioptric lenses throughout the later part of the 20th century. Nikon (under the Mirror- Nikkor and later Reflex- Nikkor names) and Canon both offered several designs, such as 500 mm 1:8 and 1000 mm 1:11.

  4. Fresnel lens - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fresnel_lens

    A Fresnel lens (/ ˈ f r eɪ n ɛ l,-n əl / FRAY-nel, -⁠nəl; / ˈ f r ɛ n ɛ l,-əl / FREN-el, -⁠əl; or / f r eɪ ˈ n ɛ l / fray-NEL [1]) is a type of composite compact lens which reduces the amount of material required compared to a conventional lens by dividing the lens into a set of concentric annular sections.

  5. Focal length - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Focal_length

    The focal point F and focal length f of a positive (convex) lens, a negative (concave) lens, a concave mirror, and a convex mirror.. The focal length of an optical system is a measure of how strongly the system converges or diverges light; it is the inverse of the system's optical power.

  6. Dioptre - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dioptre

    The main benefit of using optical power rather than focal length is that the thin lens formula has the object distance, image distance, and focal length all as reciprocals. Additionally, when relatively thin lenses are placed close together their powers approximately add. Thus, a thin 2.0-dioptre lens placed close to a thin 0.5-dioptre lens ...

  7. Cardinal point (optics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardinal_point_(optics)

    For a single lens surrounded by a medium of refractive index n = 1, the locations of the principal points H and H ′ with respect to the respective lens vertices are given by the formulas = ′ = (), where f is the focal length of the lens, d is its thickness, and r 1 and r 2 are the radii of curvature of its surfaces. Positive signs indicate ...

  8. Optical lens design - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_lens_design

    Optical lens design is the process of designing a lens to meet a set of performance requirements and constraints, including cost and manufacturing limitations. Parameters include surface profile types (spherical, aspheric, holographic, diffractive, etc.), as well as radius of curvature, distance to the next surface, material type and optionally tilt and decenter.

  9. Radius of curvature (optics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radius_of_curvature_(optics)

    A spherical lens or mirror surface has a center of curvature located either along or decentered from the system local optical axis. The vertex of the lens surface is located on the local optical axis. The distance from the vertex to the center of curvature is the radius of curvature of the surface.