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Max Ernst, The Elephant Celebes, 1921. The word surrealism was first coined in March 1917 by Guillaume Apollinaire. [10] He wrote in a letter to Paul Dermée: "All things considered, I think in fact it is better to adopt surrealism than supernaturalism, which I first used" [Tout bien examiné, je crois en effet qu'il vaut mieux adopter surréalisme que surnaturalisme que j'avais d'abord employé].
In the early 1930s she met André Breton in Paris, and later started working with Surrealist automatism techniques in her writing and painting. In the late 1930s, Colquhoun was part of the British Surrealist Group before being expelled because she refused to renounce her association with occult groups, including the Ordo Templi Orientis and the ...
René Crevel, who according to Salvador Dalí was "the only serious communist among surrealists", [22] was isolated from Breton and other surrealists, who were unhappy with Crevel because of his bisexuality and annoyed with communists in general. [14] In 1938, Breton accepted a cultural commission from the French government to travel to Mexico.
[13] [2] The manifesto expelled surrealists hesitant to commit to collective action, including Baron, Robert Desno, Boiffard, Michel Leiris, Raymond Queneau, Jacques Prévert and André Masson. A printed insert was published with the manifesto that was signed by the surrealists who supported Breton and agreed to participate in Surrealism at the ...
Giuseppe Maria Alberto Giorgio de Chirico was born in Volos, Greece, as the eldest son of Gemma Cervetto and Evaristo de Chirico. [4] His mother was a Genoese baroness [5] of Greek origins from Smyrna, [6] and his father a Sicilian barone [3] [7] of Greek ancestry (the Kyriko or Chirico family was of Greek origin, having moved from Rhodes to Palermo in 1523 together with 4,000 other Greek ...
The 'poet' was given a chair, a desk, and a pen to painfully write to the families of the dead and the wounded. He wrote more than 150 letters a day. At night, he dug graves to bury the dead. For the first time since Clavadel, shaken by the horrors of the war, he started writing verses again.
Some Romanian surrealists invented a number of surrealist techniques (such as cubomania, entoptic graphomania, and the movement of liquid down a vertical surface) that purported to take automatism to an absurd point, and the name given, "surautomatism", implies that the methods "go beyond" automatism, but this position is controversial.
Salvador Domingo Felipe Jacinto Dalí i Domènech, Marquess of Dalí of Púbol [b] [a] gcYC (11 May 1904 – 23 January 1989), known as Salvador Dalí (/ ˈ d ɑː l i, d ɑː ˈ l iː / DAH-lee, dah-LEE; [2] Catalan: [səlβəˈðo ðəˈli]; Spanish: [salβaˈðoɾ ðaˈli]), [c] was a Spanish surrealist artist renowned for his technical skill, precise draftsmanship, and the striking and ...