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Endolymphatic hydrops is a disorder of the inner ear. It consists of an excessive build-up of the endolymph fluid, which fills the hearing and balance structures of the inner ear. Endolymph fluid, which is partly regulated by the endolymph sac, flows through the inner ear and is critical to the function of all sensory cells in the inner ear.
Cochlear hydrops preferentially affects the apex of the cochlea where low-frequency sounds are interpreted. Due to the fluid imbalance in this area, parts of the cochlea are stretched or under more tension than usual, which can lead to distortions of sound, changes in pitch perception, or hearing loss, all usually in the low frequencies.
Endolymph is the fluid contained in the membranous labyrinth of the inner ear. The major cation in endolymph is potassium, with the values of sodium and potassium concentration in the endolymph being 0.91 mM and 154 mM, respectively. [1] It is also called Scarpa's fluid, after Antonio Scarpa. [2]
The inner ear (internal ear, auris interna) is the innermost part of the vertebrate ear. In vertebrates , the inner ear is mainly responsible for sound detection and balance. [ 1 ] In mammals , it consists of the bony labyrinth , a hollow cavity in the temporal bone of the skull with a system of passages comprising two main functional parts: [ 2 ]
The membranous labyrinth is a collection of fluid filled tubes and chambers which contain the receptors for the senses of equilibrium and hearing. It is lodged within the bony labyrinth in the inner ear and has the same general form; it is, however, considerably smaller and is partly separated from the bony walls by a quantity of fluid, the perilymph.
2. You’ve suffered a head or neck injury. A head or neck injury from a car crash, fall, or accident can become even more distressing when a buzzing in your ears emerges afterwards, says Palmer.
Perilymph and endolymph have unique ionic compositions suited to their functions in regulating electrochemical impulses of hair cells necessary for hearing. The electric potential of endolymph is ~80-90 mV more positive than perilymph due to a higher concentration of potassium cations (K +) in endolymph and higher sodium (Na +) in perilymph. [4]
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