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Cooke and Wheatstone's five-needle telegraph from 1837 Morse telegraph Hughes telegraph, an early (1855) teleprinter built by Siemens and Halske. Electrical telegraphy is a point-to-point text messaging system, primarily used from the 1840s until the late 20th century.
Early proposals for an optical telegraph system were made to the Royal Society by Robert Hooke in 1684 [12] and were first implemented on an experimental level by Sir Richard Lovell Edgeworth in 1767. [13] The first successful optical telegraph network was invented by Claude Chappe and operated in France from 1793. [14]
The Cooke and Wheatstone telegraph was an early electrical telegraph system dating from the 1830s invented by English inventor William Fothergill Cooke and English scientist Charles Wheatstone. It was a form of needle telegraph, and the first telegraph system to be put into commercial service. The receiver consisted of a number of needles that ...
1871: Practical duplex telegraphy system, allowing two messages to be sent over wire at the same time, one in each direction. 1872: Dallas, Texas reached by telegraph line. [115] October 1872: Australia is linked to the world system by a submarine telegraph line between Darwin and the Dutch East Indies (Indonesia).
Morse patented the system and tried to persuade Congress to adopt it as a government-owned and operated system like the post office. However, the Democrats in power were hostile to federal spending. In 1837, Morse obtained funding from Congress to build a telegraph line between Washington and Baltimore, a distance of about forty miles.
Transatlantic telegraph cables were undersea cables running under the Atlantic Ocean for telegraph communications. Telegraphy is an obsolete form of communication, and the cables have long since been decommissioned, but telephone and data are still carried on other transatlantic telecommunications cables .
The most widely used system was the Chappe telegraph, which was invented in France in 1792 by Claude Chappe. It was popular in the late eighteenth to early nineteenth centuries. [1] [2] [3] Chappe used the term télégraphe to describe the mechanism he had invented – that is the origin of the English word "telegraph". [4]
In 1855, Hughes designed a printing telegraph system. [6] In less than two years a number of small telegraph companies, including Western Union in early stages of development, united to form one large corporation — Western Union Telegraph Company — to carry on the business of telegraphy on the Hughes system.