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The try statement, which allows exceptions raised in its attached code block to be caught and handled by except clauses (or new syntax except* in Python 3.11 for exception groups [97]); it also ensures that clean-up code in a finally block is always run regardless of how the block exits
The tty command is commonly used to check if the output medium is a terminal. The command prints the file name of the terminal connected to standard input. If no file is detected (in case, it's being run as part of a script or the command is being piped) "not a tty" is printed to stdout and the command exits with an exit status of 1.
Command arguments are split in different ways across platforms. Some systems do not split up the arguments; for example, when running the script with the first line, #!/usr/bin/env python3 -c all text after the first space is treated as a single argument, that is, python3 -c will be passed as one argument to /usr/bin/env, rather than two arguments.
The execute permission only applies when the script is run directly. If a script is invoked as an argument to the interpreting shell, it will be executed regardless of whether the user holds the execute permission for that script. Although Windows also specifies an execute permission, none of the Windows-specific shells block script execution ...
The Multics shell includes a run command to run a command in an isolated environment. [1] The DEC TOPS-10 [2] and TOPS-20 [3] Command Processor included a RUN command for running executable programs. In the BASIC programming language, RUN is used to start program execution from direct mode, or to start an overlay program from a loader program.
A data file can contain sequences of commands which the CLI can be made to follow as if typed in by a user. Special features in the CLI may apply when it is carrying out these stored instructions. Such batch files (script files) can be used repeatedly to automate routine operations such as initializing a set of programs when a system is ...
The Xterm terminal emulator. In the early 1980s, large amounts of software directly used these sequences to update screen displays. This included everything on VMS (which assumed DEC terminals), most software designed to be portable on CP/M home computers, and even lots of Unix software as it was easier to use than the termcap libraries, such as the shell script examples below in this article.
Command-line completion allows the user to type the first few characters of a command, program, or filename, and press a completion key (normally Tab ↹) to fill in the rest of the item. The user then presses Return or ↵ Enter to run the command or open the file.