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The history of Sikkim begins with the indigenous Lepcha's contact with early Tibetan settlers. [1] [2] Historically, Sikkim was a sovereign Monarchical State in the eastern Himalayas. Later a protectorate of India followed by a merger with India and official recognition as a state of India.
The Kingdom of Sikkim (Classical Tibetan and Sikkimese: འབྲས་ལྗོངས།, Drenjong, Dzongkha: སི་ཀིམ་རྒྱལ་ཁབ།, Sikimr Gyalkhab) officially Dremoshong (Classical Tibetan and Sikkimese: འབྲས་མོ་གཤོངས།) until the 1800s, was a hereditary monarchy in the Eastern Himalayas which existed from 1642 to 16 May 1975, when it was ...
Similarly, Malta was a British protectorate between the capitulation of the French in 1800 and the Treaty of Paris of 1814. The princely states of India was another example of indirect rule during the time of Empire. [3] So too were many of the West African holdings. [4] Other British protectorates followed.
John Claude White (1 October 1853 – 1918) CIE was an engineer, photographer, author and civil servant in British India. From 1889 to 1908, White was the political officer in Sikkim, then a British protectorate. As part of his remit, he also managed British India's relations with Tibet and Bhutan.
Sikkim became a British protectorate in the later decades of the 19th century, formalised by a convention signed with China in 1890. [32] [33] [34] Sikkim was gradually granted more sovereignty over the next three decades, [35] and became a member of the Chamber of Princes, the assembly representing the rulers of the Indian princely states, in ...
The Convention of Calcutta [1] or Anglo-Chinese Convention of 1890, [2] officially the Convention Between Great Britain and China Relating to Sikkim and Tibet, (Chinese: 中英藏印條約; pinyin: Zhōng yīng zàng yìn tiáoyuē) was a treaty between Britain and Qing China relating to Tibet and the Kingdom of Sikkim.
Actually, Sikkim was a protectorate state of the British. In the year 1861, the signature of the Treaty of Tumlong effectively made Sikkim a de facto protectorate of British India. This had a huge impact on Sikkim's Sovereignty. The appointment of John Claude White, a Political officer established new landholdings in Sikkim.
The Treaty of Titalia was signed between the chogyal (monarch) of the Kingdom of Sikkim and the British East India Company (EIC). The treaty, which was negotiated by Captain Barre Latter in February 1817, guaranteed security of Sikkim by the British and returned Sikkimese land annexed by the Nepalese over the centuries.