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Pesticide application can artificially select for resistant pests. In this diagram, the first generation happens to have an insect with a heightened resistance to a pesticide (red) After pesticide application, its descendants represent a larger proportion of the population, because sensitive pests (white) have been selectively killed.
If a pest has resistance then that will reduce the pesticide's efficacy – efficacy and resistance are inversely related. [ 103 ] Cases of resistance have been reported in all classes of pests ( i.e. crop diseases, weeds, rodents, etc. ), with 'crises' in insect control occurring early-on after the introduction of pesticide use in the 20th ...
A refuge area is a countermeasure against pesticide resistance in agriculture. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] In this technique two adjacent pieces of land are demarcated, and ...
The Herbicide Resistance Action Committee (HRAC) classifies herbicides by their mode of action (MoA) to provide a uniform way for farmers and growers to identify the agents they use and better manage pesticide resistance around the world. [1] [2] It is run by CropLife International [3] in conjunction with the Weed Science Society of America ...
This is an index of articles relating to pesticides ... Environmental effects of pesticides; ... Pesticide resistance; Pesticide toxicity to bees;
Pesticide degradation is the process by which a pesticide is transformed into a benign substance that is environmentally compatible with the site to which it was applied. Globally, an estimated 1 to 2.5 million tons of active pesticide ingredients are used each year, mainly in agriculture .
The term “pesticide residue” includes residues from unknown or unavoidable sources (e.g. environmental) as well as known uses of the chemical. The definition of a residue for compliance with maximum residue limits (MRLs) is that combination of the pesticide and its metabolites, derivatives and related compounds to which the MRL applies.
The Insecticide Resistance Action Committee (IRAC) was formed in 1984 and works as a specialist technical group of the industry association CropLife to be able to provide a coordinated industry response to prevent or delay the development of insecticide resistance in insect, mite and nematode pests. IRAC strives to facilitate communication and ...