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Scoliosis is typically classified as either structural in which the curve is fixed, or functional in which the underlying spine is normal. [2] Left-right asymmetries, of the vertebrae and their musculature, especially in the thoracic region, [12] may cause mechanical instability of the spinal column.
The Scoliosis Research Society has proposed a range of 40° and 60° as measured between the upper endplate of Th12 and the upper endplate of S1. [18] Individual studies, although using other reference points, have found normal ranges up to approximately 85°. [18] It is generally more pronounced in females. [18]
Kyphosis (from Greek κυφός (kyphos) 'hump') is an abnormally excessive convex curvature of the spine as it occurs in the thoracic and sacral regions. [1] [2] Abnormal inward concave lordotic curving of the cervical and lumbar regions of the spine is called lordosis.
Scoliosis is a common spinal disease in which the spine has a curvature usually in the shape of the letter "C" or "S". This is most common in girls, but there is no specific cause for scoliosis. [5] Only a few symptoms occur for one with this disease, which include feeling tired in the spinal region or backaches.
Kyphoscoliosis describes an abnormal curvature of the spine in both the coronal and sagittal planes. It is a combination of kyphosis and scoliosis.This musculoskeletal disorder often leads to other issues in patients, such as under-ventilation of lungs, pulmonary hypertension, difficulty in performing day-to-day activities, and psychological issues emanating from anxiety about acceptance among ...
Cobb angle measurement of a scoliosis; concave side on the left; convex side on the right Vertebra and curves of the vertebral column. Cobb angle is a common measure to classify scoliosis. The greater the angle, the more serious is the disease but the smaller is the number of patients.
Today's spangram is horizontal (left to right). Related: The 26 Funniest NYT Connections Game Memes You'll Appreciate if You Do This Daily Word Puzzle. What Are Today’s NYT Strands Hints?
The management of scoliosis is complex and is determined primarily by the type of scoliosis encountered: syndromic, congenital, neuromuscular, or idiopathic. [1] Treatment options for idiopathic scoliosis are determined in part by the severity of the curvature and skeletal maturity , which together help predict the likelihood of progression.