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Betelgeuse's color may have changed from yellow (or possibly orange; i.e. a yellow supergiant) to red in the last few thousand years, based on a 2022 review of historical records. This color change combined with the CMD suggest a mass of 14 M ☉, an age of 14 million year and a distance from 125 to 150 parsecs (~400 to 500 light years). [12]
The closest system is Alpha Centauri, with Proxima Centauri as the closest star in that system, at 4.2465 light-years from Earth. The brightest, most massive and most luminous object among those 131 is Sirius A , which is also the brightest star in Earth's night sky ; its white dwarf companion Sirius B is the hottest object among them.
If Betelgeuse were too close to Earth, the eventual supernova could cause an extinction here on Earth. However, even at 530 light-years distance, our planet will still be safe from the eventual ...
This is a list of the nearest supergiant stars to Earth, located at a distance of up to 1,100 light-years (340 parsecs) from Earth. Some of the brightest stars in the night sky, such as Rigel and Antares, are in the list.
3.1 Em – 310 light-years – distance to Canopus according to Hipparcos [201] 3.9 Em – 410 light-years – distance to Betelgeuse according to Hipparcos [202] 6.2 Em – 650 light-years – distance to the Helix Nebula, located in the constellation Aquarius [203] 8.2 Em – 860 light-years – distance to Rigel according to Hipparcos [201]
The first report of an exoplanet within this range was in 1998 for a planet orbiting around Gliese 876 (15.3 light-years (ly) away), and the latest as of 2024 is one around Struve 2398 A (11.5 ly). The closest exoplanets are those found orbiting the star closest to the Solar System, which is Proxima Centauri 4.25 light-years away
Betelgeuse has entered an uncommon period of brightening again, this time rising in brightness by around 50 percent. Is the star about to go supernova?
Experts say the star is recovering from a “never-before-seen” surface mass ejection that caused it to dim.