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The Act was challenged by Sarbananda Sonowal in courts. In 2005 a three-judge Bench of the Supreme Court of India held that the Illegal Migrants (Determination by Tribunals) Act, 1983 and rules "has created the biggest hurdle and is the main impediment or barrier in the identification and deportation of illegal migrants" and struck down the Act.
The Middle East is home to over 1 million emigrants from Tamil Nadu,< [4] and over 75.000 migrants immigrated to the Middle East in 2012 alone. [10] However, statistics on the numbers of migrants are scarce. There are about 450,000 Tamilians in the United Arab Emirates having come from Tamil Nadu as professionals and workers in many sectors. [11]
eMigrate was launched in 2014 by the Overseas Employment Division of MEA, India. [4]In October 2024, External Affairs Minister, S. Jaishankar relaunched the portal as version 2.0 with more functionalities including a 24*7 multilingual helpline support to address workers' issues and quicker registration of feedbacks for redressal. [5]
The "Gulf Boom" refers to the mass migration of a large number of people from the Indian state of Kerala to the GCC states from 1972 to 1983. [5] Largely consisting of the migration of Malayalis, the dominant indigenous ethnic group in Kerala, the movement of many migrant workers from Kerala to the GCC states continues to the present day, although in smaller numbers after the 2008 ...
Population exchange is the transfer of two populations in opposite directions at about the same time. In theory at least, the exchange is non-forcible, but the reality of the effects of these exchanges has always been unequal, and at least one half of the so-called "exchange" has usually been forced by the stronger or richer participant.
The Act imposed a requirement of obtaining emigration clearance (also called POE clearance) from the office of Protector of Emigrants (POE), Ministry of External Affairs for people emigrating from India for work. As of 2017, this requirement applies only for people going to one of 18 listed countries. [1] [2] [3] [4]
The dating of the earliest successful migration of modern humans out of Africa is a matter of dispute. [3] It may have pre- or post-dated the Toba catastrophe, a volcanic super eruption that took place between 69,000 and 77,000 years ago at the site of present-day Lake Toba.
The migration into northern India was not a large-scale immigration, but may have consisted of small groups [20] [note 2] which were genetically diverse. [ clarification needed ] Their culture and language spread by the same mechanisms of acculturalisation, and the absorption of other groups into their patron-client system.