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The rhombic lip can be divided into eight structural units based on rhombomeres 1-8 (r1-r8), which can be recognized at early stages of hindbrain development. [2] Producing granule cells and five brainstem nuclei, the rhombic lip plays an important role in developing a complex cerebellar neural system. [3] Rhombic lips
UBCs function to amplify inputs from the vestibular ganglia and nuclei by spreading and prolonging excitation within the granular layer. [ 2 ] [ 7 ] They receive glutamatergic inputs on its dendritic brush from a single mossy fibre terminal in the form of a giant glutamatergic synapse and make glutamatergic synapses with granule cells and other ...
Syzygium myrtifolium, the red lip or kelat oil, is a species of flowering plant in the family Myrtaceae. [2] It is native to Bangladesh, Myanmar, Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia , Sumatra , Java , Borneo , and the Philippines. [ 1 ]
Plant structures or organs fulfil specific functions, and those functions determine the structures that perform them. Among terrestrial (land) plants, the vascular and non-vascular plants (Bryophytes) evolved independently in terms of their adaptation to terrestrial life and are treated separately here (see Bryophytes ).
Substances may be excreted to the surface of the plant or into intercellular cavities or canals. Some of the many substances contained in the secretions are not further utilized by the plant (resins, rubber, tannins, and various crystals), while others take part in the functions of the plant (enzymes and hormones).
A typical plant cell may have between 1,000 and 100,000 plasmodesmata connecting it with adjacent cells [11] equating to between 1 and 10 per μm 2. [ 12 ] [ failed verification ] Plasmodesmata are approximately 50–60 nm in diameter at the midpoint and are constructed of three main layers, the plasma membrane , the cytoplasmic sleeve , and ...
Two-component systems are well-integrated into developmental signaling pathways in plants, but the genes probably originated from lateral gene transfer from chloroplasts. [3] An example is the chloroplast sensor kinase (CSK) gene in Arabidopsis thaliana , derived from chloroplasts but now integrated into the nuclear genome.
Plastids are broken up into different categories based on characteristics such as size, function and physical traits. [2] Chromoplasts help to synthesize and store large amounts of carotenoids. [ 4 ] Chloroplasts are photosynthesizing structures that help to make light energy for the plant. [ 4 ]