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McMurdo has the world's most southerly harbor, this is important for bringing supplies to McMurdo and in support of projects in the Antarctic, but weather conditions necessitate an icebreaker. An example of a resupply ship is the MV American Tern , which was chartered from 2001-2010.
Operation Deep Freeze personnel constructed the first floating ice pier at Antarctica’s southernmost sea port [1] at McMurdo Station in 1973. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] Ice piers have been in use each summer season since, at McMurdo's natural harbor at Winter Quarters Bay located at 77°50′S 166°40′E / 77.833°S 166.667°E / -77.833; 166
Winter Quarters Bay is a small cove of McMurdo Sound, Antarctica, located 2,200 miles (3,500 km) due south of New Zealand at 77°50'S. The harbor is the southernmost port [1] in the Southern Ocean and features a floating ice pier for summer cargo operations. The bay is approximately 250m wide and long, with a maximum depth of 33m.
McMurdo Station, established in 1955, is the largest station in Antarctica. It provides logistic support to the United States Antarctic Program. It has a harbor, landing strips, about 85 buildings including large three story structures, a power plant, warehouses and other infrastructure. [5]
Mount Erebus in Antarctica from Castle Rock, near McMurdo Station Looking north at Erebus Ice tongue with, from left the right, the islands of Tent, Inaccessible, Big Razorback and Little Razorback Beaufort Island – This small island at the northern entrance to McMurdo Sound is a protected area due to its site as a penguin rookery.
The South Pole Traverse, also called the South Pole Overland Traverse (SPoT), [2] or McMurdo–South Pole Highway [3] is an approximately 995-mile-long (1,601 km) flagged route over compacted snow and ice [4] in Antarctica that links McMurdo Station on the coast to the Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station, both operated by the National Science Foundation of the United States. [5]
Observation Hill is a steep 754-foot (230 m) hill adjacent to McMurdo Station in Antarctica and commonly called "Ob Hill". It is frequently climbed to get good viewing points across the continent. Regular clear skies give excellent visibility. A memorial at the top of the hill, erected in 1912, is an Antarctica Treaty historical site number HSM-20.
Williams Field or Willy Field (ICAO: NZWD) is a United States Antarctic Program airfield in Antarctica.Williams Field consists of two snow runways located on approximately 8 meters (25 ft) of compacted snow, lying on top of 8–10 ft of ice, [3] floating over 550 meters (1,800 ft) of water. [4]