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Oxygen-balanced iron thermite 2Al + Fe 2 O 3 has theoretical maximum density of 4.175 g/cm 3 an adiabatic burn temperature of 3135 K or 2862 °C or 5183 °F (with phase transitions included, limited by iron, which boils at 3135 K), the aluminum oxide is (briefly) molten and the produced iron is mostly liquid with part of it being in gaseous ...
The composition by weight of Thermate-TH3 (in military use) is 68.7% thermite, 29.0% barium nitrate, 2.0% sulfur and 0.3% binder (such as polybutadiene acrylonitrile (PBAN)). As both thermite and thermate are notoriously difficult to ignite, initiating the reaction normally requires supervision and sometimes persistent effort.
Nano-thermite or super-thermite is a metastable intermolecular composite (MIC) characterized by a particle size of its main constituents, a metal fuel and oxidizer, under 100 nanometers. This allows for high and customizable reaction rates. Nano-thermites contain an oxidizer and a reducing agent, which are intimately mixed on the nanometer scale.
A thermal burn is a type of burn resulting from making contact with heated objects, such as boiling water, steam, hot cooking oil, fire, and hot objects. Scalds are the most common type of thermal burn suffered by children, but for adults thermal burns are most commonly caused by fire. [ 2 ]
The higher the potassium perchlorate level, the higher the heat output (nominally 200, 259, and 297 calories/gram, respectively). The size and thickness of the iron-perchlorate pellets has little influence on their burn rate, however the effect of density, composition, and particle size have significant effect on the burn rate and can be used ...
This allows aluminum to burn with a large release of heat in substances that one normally considers to be inert, such as carbon dioxide and water. However, aluminum combustion is normally hindered by the presence of a durable oxide layer that forms on the surface of aluminum particles, requiring significant heat to overcome.
It does burn very hot; when I made some, the dirt where it had been ignited remained burning for a few seconds after the thermite had gone out. The dirt had been turned to charcoal by the heat. As to making it with household materials, one source of fine aluminum powder is silver spray paint.
smoke compositions – burn slowly, produce smoke, plain or colored; delay compositions – burn at constant slow speed, used to introduce delays into the firing train; pyrotechnic heat sources – produce large amount of heat and little to no gases, slow-burning, often thermite-like compositions; sparklers – producing white or colored sparks