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Mesons named with the letter "f" are scalar mesons (as opposed to a pseudo-scalar meson), and mesons named with the letter "a" are axial-vector mesons (as opposed to an ordinary vector meson) a.k.a. an isoscalar vector meson, while the letters "b" and "h" refer to axial-vector mesons with positive parity, negative C-parity, and quantum numbers I G of 1 + and 0 − respectively.
All mesons are unstable, with the longest-lived lasting for only a few tenths of a nanosecond. Heavier mesons decay to lighter mesons and ultimately to stable electrons , neutrinos and photons . Outside the nucleus, mesons appear in nature only as short-lived products of very high-energy collisions between particles made of quarks, such as ...
Because mesons have integer spin (0 or 1) and are not themselves elementary particles, they are classified as "composite" bosons, although being made of elementary fermions. Examples of mesons include the pion, kaon, and the J/ψ. In quantum hadrodynamics, mesons mediate the residual strong force between nucleons.
A strange particle is an elementary particle with a strangeness quantum number different from zero. Strange particles are members of a large family of elementary particles carrying the quantum number of strangeness , including several cases where the quantum number is hidden in a strange/anti-strange pair, for example in the ϕ meson .
Exotic mesons; Exotic baryons; Glueball, hypothetical particle that consist of only gluons. Quark bound states beyond the pentaquark, like hexaquarks and heptaquarks. Leptoquark, hypothetical particles that are neither bosons or fermions but carry lepton and baryon numbers. Magnetic monopole is a generic name for particles with non-zero ...
The strange quark or s quark (from its symbol, s) is the third lightest of all quarks, a type of elementary particle. Strange quarks are found in subatomic particles called hadrons. Examples of hadrons containing strange quarks include kaons (K), strange D mesons (D s), Sigma baryons (Σ), and other strange particles.
Despite the pseudoscalar mesons' masses being known to high precision, and being the most well studied and understood mesons, the decay properties of the pseudoscalar mesons, particularly of eta (η) and eta-prime (η ′), are somewhat contradictory to their mass hierarchy: While the η ′ meson is much more massive than the η meson, the η meson is thought to contain a larger component of ...
Strange particles appear copiously due to "associated production" of a strange and an antistrange particle together. It was soon shown that this could not be a multiplicative quantum number , because that would allow reactions which were never seen in the new synchrotrons which were commissioned in Brookhaven National Laboratory in 1953 and in ...