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A four channel quadraphonic diagram showing the usual placement of speakers around the listener. Quadraphonic (or quadrophonic, also called quadrasonic or by the neologism quadio [1] [formed by analogy with "stereo"]) sound – equivalent to what is now called 4.0 surround sound – uses four audio channels in which speakers are positioned at the four corners of a listening space.
At the very least, such a loudspeaker may be 2-way employing a woofer (or mid-range/mid-woofer) and a tweeter. Higher end loudspeakers may be 3-way or even 4-way. For the sake of this article and simplicity, a 2-way speaker system will be assumed - consisting of a woofer and a tweeter.
A loudspeaker (commonly referred to as a speaker or, more fully, a speaker system) is a combination of one or more speaker drivers, an enclosure, and electrical connections (possibly including a crossover network). The speaker driver is an electroacoustic transducer [1]: 597 that converts an electrical audio signal into a corresponding sound. [2]
Cutaway drawing of a commercial 4-way transmission line loudspeaker system, the IMF Reference Standard Professional Monitor Mk VII (circa 1982). The enclosure is 104 cm (41 in) high (116 cm (46 in) on its stand), 43 cm (17 in) deep and 50 cm (20 in) wide, with a gross enclosure volume of about 218 liters.
Four-speaker setups are the most economical way of reproducing first-order horizontal material, and a rectangular layout is most easily fit into a living room, which makes these setups the most common in domestic environments.
An active full-range loudspeaker. Powered speakers, also known as self-powered speakers and active speakers, are loudspeakers that have built-in amplifiers.Powered speakers are used in a range of settings, including in sound reinforcement systems (used at live music concerts), both for the main speakers facing the audience and the monitor speakers facing the performers; by DJs performing at ...