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The Enigma machines were a family of portable cipher machines with rotor scramblers. [1] Good operating procedures, properly enforced, would have made the plugboard Enigma machine unbreakable to the Allies at that time. [2] [3] [4] The German plugboard-equipped Enigma became the principal crypto-system of the German Reich and later of other ...
The Swiss used a version of Enigma called Model K or Swiss K for military and diplomatic use, which was very similar to commercial Enigma D. The machine's code was cracked by Poland, France, the United Kingdom and the United States; the latter code-named it INDIGO. An Enigma T model, code-named Tirpitz, was used by Japan.
[1] [2] [3] A similar break into the most secure Japanese diplomatic cipher, designated Purple by the US Army Signals Intelligence Service, started before the US entered the war. Product from this source was called Magic. On the other side, German code breaking in World War II achieved some notable successes cracking British naval and other ...
2002 plaque, Bletchley Park, "commemorat[ing] the work of Marian Rejewski, Jerzy Różycki, and Henryk Zygalski, mathematicians of the Polish intelligence service, in first breaking the Enigma code [sic: it was a cipher]. Their work greatly assisted the Bletchley Park code breakers and contributed to the Allied victory in World War II."
The name arose because the intelligence obtained was considered more important than that designated by the highest British security classification then used (Most Secret) and so was regarded as being Ultra Secret. [2] Several other cryptonyms had been used for such intelligence. The code name Boniface was used as a cover name for Ultra.
The British Naval Cypher No. 5 is also known to have been broken by the B-Dienst, as were various low-grade British Naval and Air codes, including COFOX, MEDOX, FOXO, LOXO, SYKO, Air Force code and Aircraft Movement code. The US "Hagelin" M-209 field cipher machine and the French "Anglp" [clarification needed] code were also often read.
The Enigma-M4 key machine Key manual of the Kriegsmarine "Der Schlüssel M".. The Enigma-M4 (also called Schlüssel M, more precisely Schlüssel M Form M4) is a rotor key machine that was used for encrypted communication by the German Kriegsmarine during World War II from October 1941.
Their work was a foundation of British code breaking efforts which, with later American assistance, helped end World War II. [ 3 ] [ self-published source ] In 2021 the Enigma Cipher Centre , an educational and scientific institution dedicated to the Polish mathematicians who broke the Enigma cipher, including Henryk Zygalski, opened in Poznań.