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3C 454.3 is a blazar (a type of quasar with a jet oriented toward Earth) located away from the galactic plane.It is one of the brightest gamma ray sources in the sky, [2] and is one of the most luminous astronomical object ever observed, with a maximum absolute magnitude of -31.4. [3]
The name "blazar" was coined in 1978 by astronomer Edward Spiegel to denote the combination of these two classes. [2] In visible-wavelength images, most blazars appear compact and pointlike, but high-resolution images reveal that they are located at the centers of elliptical galaxies. [3]
1ES 1101-232 is an active galactic nucleus of a distant galaxy known as a blazar. [1] It is also a BL Lac object. [2]An X-ray source (catalogued as A 1059-22) was first recorded by Maccagni and colleagues in a 1978 paper; they thought the source arose from a galaxy in the Abell 1146 galaxy cluster, which contained many giant elliptical galaxies. [3]
4C +28.07 is a blazar [1] located in the constellation of Aries. It has a redshift of 1.213 [2] [3] and was first discovered in 1970 as a compact astronomical radio source during an interferometer observation and designated as CTD 20. [4] The radio spectrum of the source is considered flat, making it a flat-spectrum radio quasar.
AO 0235+164 is a BL Lacertae object (BL Lac object) [1] located in the constellation of Aries, 7.5 billion light years from Earth.It has a redshift of 0.94. [2] It was first discovered as an astronomical radio source by astronomers between 1967 and 1970, [3] and formally identified with a red stellar object in 1975. [4]
Markarian 501 (or Mrk 501) is a galaxy with a spectrum extending to the highest energy gamma rays. [4] It is a blazar or BL Lac object, which is an active galactic nucleus with a jet that is shooting towards the Earth.